(a) Countries of concern. Solely for purposes of the Order and this part, the Attorney General has determined, with the concurrence of the Secretaries of State and Commerce, that the following foreign governments have engaged in a long-term pattern or serious instances of conduct significantly adverse to the national security of the United States or security and safety of U.S. persons and pose a significant risk of exploiting government-related data or bulk U.S. sensitive personal data to the detriment of the national security of the United States or security and safety of U.S. persons:

(1) China;

(2) Cuba;

(3) Iran;

(4) North Korea;

(5) Russia; and

(6) Venezuela.

(b) Effective date of amendments. Any amendment to the list of countries of concern will apply to any covered data transaction that is initiated, pending, or completed on or after the effective date of the amendment.