The HCFC-22 production and HFC-23 destruction source category consists of HCFC-22 production processes and HFC-23 destruction processes.

(a) An HCFC-22 production process produces HCFC-22 (chlorodifluoromethane, or CHClF2) from chloroform (CHCl3) and hydrogen fluoride (HF).

(b) An HFC-23 destruction process is any process in which HFC-23 undergoes destruction. An HFC-23 destruction process may or may not be co-located with an HCFC-22 production process at the same facility.

You must report GHG emissions under this subpart if your facility contains an HCFC-22 production or HFC-23 destruction process and the facility meets the requirements of either § 98.2(a)(1) or (a)(2).

(a) You must report under subpart C of this part (General Stationary Fuel Combustion Sources) the emissions of CO2, CH4, and N2O from each stationary combustion unit following the requirements of subpart C.

(b) You must report HFC-23 emissions from HCFC-22 production processes and HFC-23 destruction processes.

(a) The mass of HFC-23 generated from each HCFC-22 production process shall be estimated by using one of two methods, as applicable:

(1) Where the mass flow of the combined stream of HFC-23 and another reaction product (e.g., HCl) is measured, multiply the weekly (or more frequent) HFC-23 concentration measurement (which may be the average of more frequent concentration measurements) by the weekly (or more frequent) mass flow of the combined stream of HFC-23 and the other product. To estimate annual HFC-23 production, sum the weekly (or more frequent) estimates of the quantities of HFC-23 produced over the year. This calculation is summarized in Equation O-1 of this section:

(2) Where the mass of only a reaction product other than HFC-23 (either HCFC-22 or HCl) is measured, multiply the ratio of the weekly (or more frequent) measurement of the HFC-23 concentration and the weekly (or more frequent) measurement of the other product concentration by the weekly (or more frequent) mass produced of the other product. To estimate annual HFC-23 production, sum the weekly (or more frequent) estimates of the quantities of HFC-23 produced over the year. This calculation is summarized in Equation O-2 of this section, assuming that the other product is HCFC-22. If the other product is HCl, HCl may be substituted for HCFC-22 in Equations O-2 and O-3 of this section.

(b) The mass of HCFC-22 produced over the period p shall be estimated by using Equation O-3 of this section:

(c) For HCFC-22 production facilities that do not use a destruction device or that have a destruction device that is not directly connected to the HCFC-22 production equipment, HFC-23 emissions shall be estimated using Equation O-4 of this section:

(d) For HCFC-22 production facilities that use a destruction device connected to the HCFC-22 production equipment, HFC-23 emissions shall be estimated using Equation O-5 of this section:

(1) The mass of HFC-23 emitted annually from equipment leaks (for use in Equation O-5 of this section) shall be estimated by using Equation O-6 of this section:

(2) The mass of HFC-23 emitted annually from process vents (for use in Equation O-5 of this section) shall be estimated by using Equation O-7 of this section:

(3) The total mass of HFC-23 emitted from destruction devices shall be estimated by using Equation O-8 of this section:

(4) For facilities that destroy HFC-23, the total mass of HFC-23 destroyed shall be estimated by using Equation O-9 of this section:

These requirements apply to measurements that are reported under this subpart or that are used to estimate reported quantities pursuant to § 98.153.

(a) The concentrations (fractions by weight) of HFC-23 and HCFC-22 in the product stream shall be measured at least weekly using equipment and methods (e.g., gas chromatography) with an accuracy and precision of 5 percent or better at the concentrations of the process samples.

(b) The mass flow of the product stream containing the HFC-23 shall be measured at least weekly using weigh scales, flowmeters, or a combination of volumetric and density measurements with an accuracy and precision of 1.0 percent of full scale or better.

(c) The mass of HCFC-22 or HCl coming out of the production process shall be measured at least weekly using weigh scales, flowmeters, or a combination of volumetric and density measurements with an accuracy and precision of 1.0 percent of full scale or better.

(d) The mass of any used HCFC-22 added back into the production process upstream of the output measurement in paragraph (c) of this section shall be measured (when being added) using flowmeters, weigh scales, or a combination of volumetric and density measurements with an accuracy and precision of 1.0 percent of full scale or better. If the mass in paragraph (c) of this section is measured by weighing containers that include returned heels as well as newly produced fluorinated GHGs, the returned heels shall be considered used fluorinated HCFC-22 for purposes of this paragraph (d) of this section and § 98.153(b).

(e) The loss factor LF in Equation O-3 of this subpart for the mass of HCFC-22 produced shall have the value 1.015 or another value that can be demonstrated, to the satisfaction of the Administrator, to account for losses of HCFC-22 between the reactor and the point of measurement at the facility where production is being estimated.

(f) The mass of HFC-23 sent off site for sale shall be measured at least weekly (when being packaged) using flowmeters, weigh scales, or a combination of volumetric and density measurements with an accuracy and precision of 1.0 percent of full scale or better.

(g) The mass of HFC-23 sent off site for destruction shall be measured at least weekly (when being packaged) using flowmeters, weigh scales, or a combination of volumetric and density measurements with an accuracy and precision of 1.0 percent of full scale or better. If the measured mass includes more than trace concentrations of materials other than HFC-23, the concentration of the fluorinated GHG shall be measured at least weekly using equipment and methods (e.g., gas chromatography) with an accuracy and precision of 5 percent or better at the concentrations of the process samples. This concentration (mass fraction) shall be multiplied by the mass measurement to obtain the mass of the HFC-23 sent to another facility for destruction.

(h) The masses of HFC-23 in storage at the beginning and end of the year shall be measured using flowmeters, weigh scales, or a combination of volumetric and density measurements with an accuracy and precision of 1.0 percent of full scale or better.

(i) The number of sources of equipment type t with screening values greater than or equal to 10,000 ppmv shall be determined using EPA Method 21 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-7, and defining a leak as follows:

(1) A leak source that could emit HFC-23, and

(2) A leak source at whose surface a concentration of fluorocarbons equal to or greater than 10,000 ppm is measured.

(j) The number of sources of equipment type t with screening values less than 10,000 ppmv shall be the difference between the number of leak sources of equipment type t that could emit HFC-23 and the number of sources of equipment type t with screening values greater than or equal to 10,000 ppmv as determined under paragraph (i) of this section.

(k) The mass of HFC-23 emitted from process vents shall be estimated at least monthly by incorporating the results of the most recent emissions test into Equation O-7 of this subpart. HCFC-22 production facilities that use a destruction device connected to the HCFC-22 production equipment shall conduct emissions tests at process vents at least once every five years or after significant changes to the process. Emissions tests shall be conducted in accordance with EPA Method 18 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-6, under conditions that are typical for the production process at the facility. The sensitivity of the tests shall be sufficient to detect an emission rate that would result in annual emissions of 200 kg of HFC-23 if sustained over one year.

(l) For purposes of Equation O-9 of this subpart, the destruction efficiency must be equated to the destruction efficiency determined during a new or previous performance test of the destruction device. HFC-23 destruction facilities shall conduct annual measurements of HFC-23 concentrations at the outlet of the destruction device in accordance with EPA Method 18 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-6. Three samples shall be taken under conditions that are typical for the production process and destruction device at the facility, and the average concentration of HFC-23 shall be determined. The sensitivity of the concentration measurement shall be sufficient to detect an outlet concentration equal to or less than the outlet concentration determined in the destruction efficiency performance test. If the concentration measurement indicates that the HFC-23 concentration is less than or equal to that measured during the performance test that is the basis for the destruction efficiency, continue to use the previously determined destruction efficiency. If the concentration measurement indicates that the HFC-23 concentration is greater than that measured during the performance test that is the basis for the destruction efficiency, facilities shall either:

(1) Substitute the higher HFC-23 concentration for that measured during the destruction efficiency performance test and calculate a new destruction efficiency, or

(2) Estimate the mass emissions of HFC-23 from the destruction device based on the measured HFC-23 concentration and volumetric flow rate determined by measurement of volumetric flow rate using EPA Method 2, 2A, 2C,2D, or 2F at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-1, or Method 26 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-2. Determine the mass rate of HFC-23 into the destruction device by measuring the HFC-23 concentration and volumetric flow rate at the inlet or by a metering device for HFC-23 sent to the device. Determine a new destruction efficiency based on the mass flow rate of HFC-23 into and out of the destruction device.

(m) HCFC-22 production facilities shall account for HFC-23 generation and emissions that occur as a result of startups, shutdowns, and malfunctions, either recording HFC-23 generation and emissions during these events, or documenting that these events do not result in significant HFC-23 generation and/or emissions.

(n) The mass of HFC-23 fed into the destruction device shall be measured at least weekly using flow meters, weigh scales, or a combination of volumetric and density measurements with an accuracy and precision of 1.0 percent of full scale or better. If the measured mass includes more than trace concentrations of materials other than HFC-23, the concentrations of the HFC-23 shall be measured at least weekly using equipment and methods (e.g., gas chromatography) with an accuracy and precision of 5 percent or better at the concentrations of the process samples. This concentration (mass fraction) shall be multiplied by the mass measurement to obtain the mass of the HFC-23 destroyed.

(o) In their estimates of the mass of HFC-23 destroyed, HFC-23 destruction facilities shall account for any temporary reductions in the destruction efficiency that result from any startups, shutdowns, or malfunctions of the destruction device, including departures from the operating conditions defined in State or local permitting requirements and/or destruction device manufacturer specifications.

(p) Calibrate all flow meters, weigh scales, and combinations of volumetric and density measures using NIST-traceable standards and suitable methods published by a consensus standards organization (e.g., ASTM, ASME, ISO, or others). Recalibrate all flow meters, weigh scales, and combinations of volumetric and density measures at the minimum frequency specified by the manufacturer.

(q) All gas chromatographs used to determine the concentration of HFC-23 in process streams shall be calibrated at least monthly through analysis of certified standards (or of calibration gases prepared from a high-concentration certified standard using a gas dilution system that meets the requirements specified in Method 205 at 40 CFR part 51, appendix M) with known HFC-23 concentrations that are in the same range (fractions by mass) as the process samples.

(a) A complete record of all measured parameters used in the GHG emissions calculations is required. Therefore, whenever a quality-assured value of a required parameter is unavailable (e.g., if a meter malfunctions during unit operation or if a required process sample is not taken), a substitute data value for the missing parameter shall be used in the calculations, according to the following requirements:

(1) For each missing value of the HFC-23 or HCFC-22 concentration, the substitute data value shall be the arithmetic average of the quality-assured values of that parameter immediately preceding and immediately following the missing data incident. If, for a particular parameter, no quality-assured data are available prior to the missing data incident, the substitute data value shall be the first quality-assured value obtained after the missing data period.

(2) For each missing value of the product stream mass flow or product mass, the substitute value of that parameter shall be a secondary product measurement where such a measurement is available. If that measurement is taken significantly downstream of the usual mass flow or mass measurement (e.g., at the shipping dock rather than near the reactor), the measurement shall be multiplied by 1.015 to compensate for losses. Where a secondary mass measurement is not available, the substitute value of the parameter shall be an estimate based on a related parameter. For example, if a flowmeter measuring the mass fed into a destruction device is rendered inoperable, then the mass fed into the destruction device may be estimated using the production rate and the previously observed relationship between the production rate and the mass flow rate into the destruction device.

(a) In addition to the information required by § 98.3(c), the HCFC-22 production facility shall report the following information for each HCFC-22 production process:

(1) Annual mass of HCFC-22 produced in metric tons.

(2) [Reserved]

(3) Annual mass of reactants fed into the process in metric tons of reactant.

(4) The mass (in metric tons) of materials other than HCFC-22 and HFC-23 (i.e., unreacted reactants, HCl and other by-products) that occur in more than trace concentrations and that are permanently removed from the process.

(5) The method for tracking startups, shutdowns, and malfunctions and HFC-23 generation/emissions during these events.

(6) The names and addresses of facilities to which any HFC-23 was sent for destruction, and the quantities of HFC-23 (metric tons) sent to each.

(7)-(10) [Reserved]

(11) Annual mass of HFC-23 emitted in metric tons.

(12) Annual mass of HFC-23 emitted from equipment leaks in metric tons.

(13) Annual mass of HFC-23 emitted from process vents in metric tons.

(b) In addition to the information required by § 98.3(c), facilities that destroy HFC-23 shall report the following for each HFC-23 destruction process:

(1)-(2) [Reserved]

(3) Annual mass of HFC-23 emitted from the destruction device.

(c) Each HFC-23 destruction facility shall report the concentration (mass fraction) of HFC-23 measured at the outlet of the destruction device during the facility's annual HFC-23 concentration measurements at the outlet of the device. If the concentration of HFC-23 is below the detection limit of the measuring device, report the detection limit and that the concentration is below the detection limit.

(d) If the HFC-23 concentration measured pursuant to § 98.154(l) is greater than that measured during the performance test that is the basis for the destruction efficiency (DE), the facility shall report the method used to calculate the revised destruction efficiency, specifying whether § 98.154(l)(1) or (2) has been used for the calculation.

(e) By March 31, 2011 or within 60 days of commencing HFC-23 destruction, HFC-23 destruction facilities shall submit a one-time report including the following information for each destruction process:

(1) [Reserved]

(2) The methods used to determine destruction efficiency.

(3) The methods used to record the mass of HFC-23 destroyed.

(4) The name of other relevant federal or state regulations that may apply to the destruction process.

(5) If any changes are made that affect HFC-23 destruction efficiency or the methods used to record volume destroyed, then these changes must be reflected in a revision to this report. The revised report must be submitted to EPA within 60 days of the change.

(a) In addition to the data required by § 98.3(g), HCFC-22 production facilities shall retain the following records:

(1) The data used to estimate HFC-23 emissions.

(2) Records documenting the initial and periodic calibration of the gas chromatographs, weigh scales, volumetric and density measurements, and flowmeters used to measure the quantities reported under this rule, including the industry standards or manufacturer directions used for calibration pursuant to § 98.154(p) and (q).

(b) In addition to the data required by § 98.3(g), the HFC-23 destruction facilities shall retain the following records:

(1) Records documenting their one-time and annual reports in § 98.156(b) through (e).

(2) Records documenting the initial and periodic calibration of the gas chromatographs, weigh scales, volumetric and density measurements, and flowmeters used to measure the quantities reported under this subpart, including the industry standard practice or manufacturer directions used for calibration pursuant to § 98.154(p) and (q).

(c) Verification software records. You must keep a record of the file generated by the verification software specified in § 98.5(b) for the applicable data specified in paragraphs (c)(1) through (16) of this section. Retention of this file satisfies the recordkeeping requirement for the data in paragraphs (c)(1) through (16) of this section.

(1) Factor to account for the loss of HCFC-22 upstream of the measurement over the period, determined pursuant to § 98.154(e) (Equation O-3 of § 98.153).

(2) Mass of HCFC-22 that is measured coming out of the production process over the period. A period can be one year (kg) (Equation O-3).

(3) Mass of used HCFC-22 that is added to the production process upstream of the output measurement over the period. A period can be one year (kg) (Equation O-3).

(4) Mass of HFC-23 generated annually per HCFC-22 production process (metric tons) (Equation O-4 of § 98.153).

(5) Mass of HFC-23 sent off site for sale annually per HCFC-22 production process (metric tons) (Equation O-4).

(6) Mass of HFC-23 sent off site for destruction annually per HCFC-22 production process (metric tons) (Equation O-4).

(7) Mass of HFC-23 destroyed on site per HCFC-22 production process (metric tons) (Equation O-4).

(8) HFC-23 in storage at end of year per HCFC-22 production process (metric tons) (Equation O-4).

(9) HFC-23 in storage at beginning of year per HCFC-22 production process (metric tons) (Equation O-4).

(10) Mass of HFC-23 fed into each destruction device annually per HCFC-22 production process (metric tons) (Equation O-9 of § 98.153 and the calculation method in either § 98.154(l)(1) or (2)).

(11) Identify if each destruction efficiency for each HCFC-22 production process is entered directly, or is calculated using § 98.154(l)(1), or is calculated using § 98.154(l)(2) (Equation O-9 and the calculation method in either § 98.154(l)(1) or (2)).

(12) Destruction efficiency of each destruction device for each HCFC-22 production process (decimal fraction) (Equation O-9 and the calculation method in either § 98.154(l)(1) or (2)).

(13) Volumetric flow rate at the inlet of each destruction device for each HCFC-22 production process from previous test (kg/hr) (Equation O-9 and the calculation method in either § 98.154(l)(1) or (2)).

(14) Volumetric flow rate at the inlet of destruction device during test for each HCFC-22 production process (kg/hr) (Equation O-9 and the calculation method in either § 98.154(l)(1) or (2)).

(15) Concentration of HFC-23 at the inlet of destruction device for each HCFC-22 production process from previous test (weight fraction) (Equation O-9 and the calculation method in either § 98.154(l)(1) or (2)).

(16) Concentration of HFC-23 at the inlet of destruction device for each HCFC-22 production process during test (weight fraction) (Equation O-9 and the calculation method in either § 98.154(l)(1) or (2)).

All terms used in this subpart have the same meaning given in the Clean Air Act and subpart A of this part.