(a) This subpart contains provisions that apply to any person who imports fuel, fuel additive, or regulated blendstock.

(b)(1) Except as specified in paragraph (b)(2) of this section, all applicable gasoline and diesel standards in subparts C and D of this part apply to imported gasoline and diesel.

(2) A gasoline importer that imports gasoline at multiple import facilities must comply with the gasoline average standards in §§ 1090.205(a) and 1090.210(a) as specified in § 1090.705(b), unless the importer complies with the provisions of § 1090.1610 to meet the alternative per-gallon standards for rail and truck imports specified in §§ 1090.205(d) and 1090.210(c).

(c) An importer must separately comply with any applicable certification or other requirements for U.S. Customs.

(d) Alternative testing requirements for an importer that imports gasoline or diesel fuel by rail or truck are specified in § 1090.1610.

An importer that imports fuel, fuel additive, or regulated blendstock using a marine vessel must comply with the requirements of this section.

(a) The importer must certify each fuel, fuel additive, or regulated blendstock imported at each port, unless the fuel is certified at the first port of entry in the United States and then transported by the same vessel to subsequent ports without picking up additional fuel.

(b) Except as specified in paragraph (d) of this section, the importer must certify each fuel, fuel additive, or regulated blendstock while it is on-board the vessel used to transport it to the United States. Certification sampling must be performed after the vessel's arrival at the port where the fuel, fuel additive, or regulated blendstock will be offloaded.

(1) The importer must sample each compartment of the vessel and use one of the following methods to meet testing requirements:

(i) Treat each compartment as a separate batch.

(ii) Combine samples from separate compartments into a single, vessel volumetric composite sample using the procedures in Section 9.2.4 of ASTM D4057 (incorporated by reference in § 1090.95). Test results from the composite sample are valid only after samples are collected from each affected compartment and homogeneity is demonstrated for all samples as specified in § 1090.1337.

(2) The importer must ensure that all applicable per-gallon standards are met before offloading the fuel, fuel additive, or regulated blendstock.

(3) The importer must not rely on testing conducted by a foreign supplier.

(c) Once the fuel, fuel additive, or regulated blendstock on a vessel has been certified under paragraph (b) of this section, it may be transferred to shore tanks using smaller vessels or barges (lightered) as a certified fuel, fuel additive, or regulated blendstock. These lightering transfers may be to terminals located in any harbor and are not restricted to terminals located in the harbor where the vessel is anchored. For example, certified gasoline could be transferred from an import vessel anchored in New York harbor to a lightering vessel and transported to Albany, New York or Providence, Rhode Island without separately certifying the gasoline upon arrival in Albany or Providence. In this lightering scenario, transfers of certified gasoline to a lightering vessel must be accompanied by PTDs that meet the requirements of subpart L of this part.

(d) As an alternative to paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section, the importer may offload fuel, fuel additive, or regulated blendstock into shore tanks that contain the same fuel, fuel additive, or regulated blendstock if the importer meets the following requirements:

(1) For gasoline, the importer must offload gasoline into one or more empty shore tanks or tanks containing PCG that the importer owns.

(i) If the importer offloads gasoline into one or more empty shore tanks, they must sample and test the sulfur content and benzene content, and for summer gasoline, RVP, of each shore tank into which the gasoline was offloaded.

(ii) If the importer offloads gasoline into one or more shore tanks containing PCG, they must sample the PCG already in the shore tank prior to offloading gasoline from the marine vessel, test the sulfur content and benzene content, and report this PCG as a negative batch as specified in § 1090.905(c)(3)(i). After offloading the gasoline into the shore tanks, the importer must sample and test the sulfur content, benzene content, and for summer gasoline, RVP, of each shore tank into which the gasoline was offloaded and report the volume, sulfur content, and benzene content as a positive batch.

(iii) Include the PCG in the shore tank before offloading and the volume and properties after offloading in compliance calculations as specified in § 1090.700(d)(4)(i).

(iv) The sample retention requirements in § 1090.1345 apply to the samples taken prior to offloading and those taken after offloading.

(2) For all other fuel, fuel additive, or regulated blendstock, the importer must sample and test the fuel, fuel additive, or regulated blendstock in each shore tank into which it was offloaded. The importer must ensure that all applicable per-gallon standards are met before the fuel, fuel additive, or regulated blendstock is shipped from the shore tank.

(a) An importer that imports fuel, fuel additive, or regulated blendstock by rail or truck must meet the sampling and testing requirements of subpart N of this part by sampling and testing each compartment of the truck or railcar unless they do one of the following:

(1) Use supplier results. The importer may rely on test results from the supplier for fuel, fuel additive, or regulated blendstock imported by rail or truck if the importer meets all the following requirements:

(i) The importer obtains documentation of test results from the supplier for each batch of fuel, fuel additive, or regulated blendstock in accordance with the following requirements:

(A) The testing includes measurements for all the fuel parameters specified in § 1090.1310 using the measurement procedures specified in § 1090.1350.

(B) Testing for a given batch occurs after the most recent delivery into the supplier's storage tank and before transferring the fuel, fuel additive, or regulated blendstock to the railcar or truck.

(ii) The importer conducts testing to verify test results from each supplier as follows:

(A) Collect a sample at least once every 30 days or every 50 rail or truckloads from a given supplier, whichever is more frequent. Test the sample as specified in paragraphs (a)(1)(i)(A) and (B) of this section.

(B) Treat importation of each fuel, fuel additive, or regulated blendstock separately, but treat railcars and truckloads together if the fuel, fuel additive, or regulated blendstock is imported from a given supplier by rail and truck.

(2) Certify in a storage tank. The importer may transfer the fuel, fuel additive, or regulated blendstock imported by rail or truck into storage tanks that also contain the same product if the importer meets the following requirements:

(i) For gasoline, the importer transfers gasoline into one or more empty tanks or tanks containing PCG that the importer owns.

(A) If the importer transfers gasoline into one or more empty tanks, they must sample and test the sulfur content, benzene content, and for summer gasoline, RVP, of each tank into which the gasoline was transferred.

(B) If the importer transfers gasoline into one or more tanks containing PCG, they must sample the PCG already in the tank prior to transferring gasoline from the truck or train, test the sulfur content and benzene content, and report this PCG as a negative batch as specified in § 1090.905(c)(3)(i). After transferring the gasoline into the tanks, the importer must sample and test the sulfur content, benzene content, and for summer gasoline, RVP, of each tank into which the gasoline was transferred and report the volume, sulfur content, and benzene content as a positive batch.

(C) Include the PCG in the tank before transferring and the volume and properties after transferring in compliance calculations as specified in § 1090.700(d)(4)(i).

(D) The sample retention requirements in § 1090.1345 apply to the samples taken prior to transferring and those taken after transferring.

(ii) For all other fuel, fuel additive, or regulated blendstock, the importer must sample and test the fuel, fuel additive, or regulated blendstock in each tank into which it was transferred. The importer must ensure that all applicable per-gallon standards are met before the fuel, fuel additive, or regulated blendstock is shipped from the tank.

(b) If an importer that elects to comply with paragraph (a)(1) or (2) of this section fails to meet the applicable requirements, they must meet the sampling and testing requirements of subpart N of this part for each compartment of the truck or railcar until EPA determines that the importer has adequately addressed the cause of the failure.

(a) An importer may exclude GTAB from their compliance calculations if they meet all the following requirements:

(1) The importer reports the GTAB to EPA under § 1090.905(c)(7).

(2) The GTAB is treated as blendstock at a related gasoline manufacturing facility that produces gasoline using the GTAB.

(3) The related gasoline manufacturing facility must report the gasoline produced using the GTAB and must include the gasoline produced using the GTAB in their compliance calculations.

(b) After importation, the title of the GTAB must not be transferred to another party until the GTAB has been either certified as gasoline under subpart K of this part or used to produce gasoline that meets all applicable standards and requirements under this part.

(c) The facility at which the GTAB is used to produce gasoline must be physically located at either the same terminal at which the GTAB first arrives in the United States, the import facility, or at a facility to which the GTAB is directly transported from the import facility.

(d)(1) The importer must treat the GTAB as if it were imported gasoline and complete all requirements for a gasoline manufacturer under § 1090.105(a) (except for the sampling, testing, and sample retention requirements in § 1090.105(a)(6)) for the GTAB at the time it is imported.

(2) Any GTAB that ultimately is not used to produce gasoline (e.g., a tank bottom of GTAB) must be treated as newly imported gasoline and must meet all applicable requirements for imported gasoline.

Except as specified in this section and in subpart G of this part, fuel produced, imported, distributed, or offered for sale in the United States is subject to the standards and requirements of this part.

(a) Fuel designated for export by a fuel manufacturer is not subject to the standards in this part, provided all the requirements in § 1090.645 are met.

(b) Fuel not designated for export may be exported without restriction. However, the fuel remains subject to the provisions of this part while in the United States. For example, fuel designated as ULSD must meet the applicable sulfur standards under this part even if it will later be exported.

(c) Fuel that has been classified as American Goods Returned to the United States by the U.S. Customs Service under 19 CFR part 10 is not considered to be imported for purposes of this part, provided all the following requirements are met:

(1) The fuel was produced at a fuel manufacturing facility located within the United States and has not been mixed with fuel produced at a fuel manufacturing facility located outside the United States.

(2) The fuel must be included in compliance calculations by the producing fuel manufacturer.

(3) All the fuel that was exported must ultimately be classified as American Goods Returned to the United States and none may be used in a foreign country.

(4) No fuel classified as American Goods Returned to the United States may be combined with any fuel produced at a foreign fuel manufacturing facility prior to reentry into the United States.