(a) This subpart contains regulations concerning automatic coverage under the Federal Employees Retirement System (FERS). References to FERS coverage in this subpart are to automatic, as opposed to elective, FERS coverage.

(b) Part 846 of this chapter contains regulations concerning elective FERS coverage. FERS elections are available under limited circumstances to employees not subject to automatic FERS coverage.

In this subpart—

CSRS means the Civil Service Retirement System as described in subchapter III of chapter 83 of title 5, United States Code;

Employee means the following individuals listed in 5 U.S.C. 8401(11) whose service is employment for the purposes of title II of the Social Security Act and chapter 21 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1954:

(a) An employee as defined by 5 U.S.C. 2105;

(b) A U.S. Commissioner whose total pay for services performed as Commissioner is not less than $3,000 in each of the last three consecutive calendar years ending after December 31, 1954;

(c) An individual employed by a county committee established under 16 U.S.C. 590h(b);

(d) An individual employed by Gallaudet College;

(e) An individual appointed to a position on the office staff of a former President under section 1(b) of the “Act of August 25, 1958” (72 Stat 838);

(f) An alien (1) who was previously employed by the Government; (2) who is employed full time by a foreign government to protect or further the interests of the United States during an interruption of diplomatic or consular relations; and (3) for whose services reimbursement is made to the foreign government by the United States;

(g) A Congressional employee as defined in 5 U.S.C. 2107,including; and

(h) The following individuals are excluded from the definition of “employee” in 5 U.S.C. 8401 (11):

(1) A justice or judge of the United States as defined by 28 U.S.C. 451;

(2) A temporary employee of the Administrative Office of the United States Courts or of a court named by 28 U.S.C. 610;

(3) A construction employee or other temporary, part-time, or intermittent employee of the Tennessee Valley Authority;

(4) A student employee as defined by 5 U.S.C. 5351;

(5) Teachers in dependents' schools of the Department of Defense in overseas areas with respect to Federal employment, other than teaching, performed during a recess period between two school years;

(6) An individual subject to another retirement system for Government employees (other than an employee of the United States Park Police, or the United States Secret Service) any of whose civilian employment after December 31, 1983, is employment subject to social security; and

(7) An individual excluded by OPM regulation in § 842.105.

FERS means the Federal Employees Retirement System as described in chapter 84 of title 5, United States Code.

Member has the same meaning provided in 5 U.S.C. 2106,except,by,not.

NAF employee means an employee of an instrumentality described in section 2105(c) of title 5, United States Code.

OPM means the Office of Personnel Management.

Social security means coverage under the Old Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance (OASDI) programs of the Social Security Act.

To be covered under FERS, an individual must:

(a) Be an employee, Member, or specifically covered by another provision of law;

(b) Be covered by social security;

(c) Have retirement deductions withheld from pay and have agency contributions made; and

(d) Be paid based on units of time.

(a) Lack of social security coverage. An individual not covered by social security (title II of the Social Security Act and chapter 21 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1954), including an individual covered by full CSRS (and thereby excluded from social security coverage), is excluded from FERS coverage.

(b) Senior officials subject to social security coverage despite continuous service. An individual who has served without a break in service of more than 365 days since December 31, 1983, in one or more of the following positions is excluded from FERS coverage.

(1) The Vice President;

(2) A Member of Congress;

(3) A non-SES appointee to a position listed in 5 U.S.C. 5312 through 5317;

(4) A Senior Executive Service or Senior Foreign Service noncareer appointee; or

(5) An individual appointed by the President (or his designee) or the Vice President under section 105(a)(1), 107(a)(1), or (b)(1) of title 3, United States Code, to a position for which the maximum rate of basic pay payable is at or above the rate for Level V of the Executive Schedule.

(c) Employees rehired after December 31, 1986, following a break in service. An employee who is rehired after December 31, 1986, who has had a break in service and who, at the time of the last separation from the service, had at least 5 years of civilian service creditable under CSRS rules, any part of which was covered by CSRS or the Foreign Service Retirement System, is excluded from FERS coverage.

(d) Employees who have not had a break in service ending after December 31, 1986. An employee who has not had a break in service of more than 3 days ending after December 31, 1986, and who, as of December 31, 1986, had at least 5 years of credible civilian service under CSRS rules (even if none of this service was covered by CSRS), is excluded from FERS coverage.

(e) Break in service. For the purposes of paragraph (c) and (d) of this section, “break in service” means a separation from CSRS-covered service lasting at least 4 days, or a transfer or separation of less than 4 days when the employee becomes subject to automatic coverage under social security (title II of the Social Security Act and chapter 21 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1954).

(f) Coverage under a retirement system for NAF employees. An employee who has elected coverage under a retirement system for NAF employees in accordance with part 847 of this chapter is excluded from FERS coverage during that and all subsequent periods of service, including service as a reemployed annuitant.

(g) Certain Federal employees who elect to continue coverage under a retirement system for employees of the District of Columbia. (1) A former employee of the District of Columbia who is appointed in a Federal position by the Department of Justice, or by the Court Services and Offender Supervision Agency established by section 11233(a) of Pub. L. 105-33, 111 Stat. 251, as amended by section 7(c) of Pub. L. 105-274, 112 Stat. 2419, is excluded from FERS coverage beginning on the date of the Federal appointment, if the employee elects to continue coverage under a retirement system for employees of the District of Columbia under section 3 of Pub. L. 105-274, 112 Stat. 2419, and if the following conditions are met:

(i) The employee is hired by the Department of Justice or by the Court Services and Offender Supervision Agency during the period beginning August 5, 1997, and ending 1 year after the date on which the Lorton Correctional Complex is closed, or 1 year after the date on which the Court Services and Offender Supervision Agency assumes its duties, whichever is later; and

(ii) The employee elects to continue coverage under a retirement system for employees of the District of Columbia no later than June 1, 1999 or 60 days after the date of the Federal appointment, whichever is later.

(2) An individual's election to continue coverage under a retirement system for employees of the District of Columbia remains in effect until the individual separates from service with the Department of Justice or the Court Services and Offender Supervision Agency.

(a) OPM is authorized in 5 U.S.C. 8402(c)(1) to “exclude from the operation of this chapter an employee or group of employees in or under an Executive agency, the United States Postal Service, or the Postal Rate Commission, whose employment is temporary or intermittent, except an employee whose employment is part-time career employment (as defined in section 3401(2)).” Therefore, under this authority, OPM is excluding the following:

(1) Employees serving under appointments limited to 1 year or less, unless such appointments meet the definition of provisional appointments contained in §§ 316.401 and 316.403 of this chapter; and

(2) Intermittent employees serving under other than career or career conditional appointments.

(b) When an employee who is covered by FERS moves to a position listed in paragraph (a) of this section without a break in service or after a separation of 3 days or less, his or her FERS coverage will continue, except in the case of an employee hired by the Census Bureau under a temporary, intermittent appointment to perform decennial census duties.

(c) Paragraph (a) of this section does not deny FERS coverage to an employee who receives an interim appointment under § 772.102 of this chapter and was covered by FERS at the time of the separation for which interim relief is required.

(a) Who may elect—(1) General rule. Any individual appointed by the District of Columbia Financial Responsibility and Management Assistance Authority (the Authority) in a position not excluded from FERS coverage under § 842.105 may elect to be deemed a Federal employee for FERS purposes unless the employee has elected to participate in a retirement, health or life insurance program offered by the District of Columbia.

(2) Exception. A former Federal employee being appointed by the Authority on or after October 26, 1996, no more than 3 days (not counting District of Columbia holidays) after separation from Federal employment cannot elect to be deemed a Federal employee for FERS purposes unless the election was made before separation from Federal employment.

(b) Procedure for making an election. The Authority or the agency providing administrative support services to the Authority (Administrative Support Agency) must establish a procedure for notifying employees of their election rights and for accepting elections.

(c) Time limit for making an election. (1) An election under paragraph (a)(1) of this section must be made within 30 days after the employee received the notice under paragraph (b) of this section.

(2) The Authority or its Administrative Support Agency will waive the time limit under paragraph (c)(1) of this section upon a showing that—

(i) The employee was not advised of the time limit and was not otherwise aware of it; or

(ii) Circumstances beyond the control of the employee prevented him or her from making a timely election and the employee thereafter acted with due diligence in making the election.

(d) Effect of an election. (1) An election under paragraph (a) of this section is effective on the commencing date of the employee's service with the Authority.

(2) An individual who makes an election under paragraph (a) of this section is ineligible, during the period of employment covered by that election, to participate in any retirement system for employees of the government of the District of Columbia.

(e) Irrevocability. An election under paragraph (a) of this section becomes irrevocable when received by the Authority or its Administrative Support Agency.

(f) Employee deductions. The Authority or its Administrative Support Agency must withhold, from the pay of an employee of the District of Columbia Financial Responsibility and Assistance Authority who has elected to be deemed a Federal employee for FERS purposes, an amount equal to the percentage withheld from Federal employees' pay for periods of service covered by FERS and, in accordance with procedures established by OPM, pay into the Civil Service Retirement and Disability Fund the amounts deducted from an employee's pay.

(g) Employer contributions. The District of Columbia Financial Responsibility and Assistance Authority must, in accordance with procedures established by OPM, pay into the Civil Service Retirement and Disability Fund amounts equal to any agency contributions required under FERS.

The following categories of employees of the District of Columbia Government are deemed to be Federal employees for FERS purposes on and after October 1, 1997:

(a) Nonjudicial employees of the District of Columbia Courts;

(b) The District of Columbia Department of Corrections Trustee, authorized by section 11202 of Pub. L. 105-33, 111 Stat. 251, and an employee of the Trustee if the Trustee or employee is a former Federal employee appointed with a break in service of 3 days or less;

(c) The District of Columbia Pretrial Services, Parole, Adult Probation and Offender Supervision Trustee, authorized by section 11232 of Pub. L. 105-33, 111 Stat. 251, as amended by section 7(b) of Pub. L. 105-274, 112 Stat. 2419, and an employee of the Trustee, if the Trustee or employee is a former Federal employee appointed with a break in service of 3 days or less.

Employees of the Public Defender Service of the District of Columbia are deemed to be Federal employees for FERS purposes on and after April 1, 1999.

(a) A Federal employee who was covered under FERS;

(1) Was employed by the Department of Defense to support the Civilian Marksmanship Program as of the day before the date of the transfer of the Program to the Corporation for the Promotion of Rifle Practice and Firearms Safety; and

(2) Was offered and accepted employment by the Corporation as part of the transition described in section 1612(d) of Public Law 104-106, 110 Stat. 517—remains covered by FERS during continuous employment with the Corporation unless the individual files an election under paragraph (c) of this section. Such a covered individual is treated as if he or she were a Federal employee for purposes of this part, and of any other part within this title relating to FERS. The individual is entitled to the benefits of, and is subject to all conditions under, FERS on the same basis as if the individual were an employee of the Federal Government.

(b) Cessation of employment with the Corporation for any period terminates eligibility for coverage under FERS during any subsequent employment by the Corporation.

(c) An individual described by paragraph (a) of this section may at any time file an election to terminate continued coverage under the Federal benefits described in § 1622(a) of Public Law 104-106, 110 Stat. 521. Such an election must be in writing and filed with the Corporation. It takes effect immediately when received by the Corporation. The election applies to any and all Federal benefits described by section 1622(a) of Public Law 104-106, 110 Stat. 521, and is irrevocable. The Corporation must transmit the election to OPM with the individual's retirement records.

(d) The Corporation must withhold from the pay of an individual described by paragraph (a) of this section an amount equal to the percentage withheld from the pay of a Federal employee for periods of service covered by FERS and, in accordance with procedures established by OPM, pay into the Civil Service Retirement and Disability Fund the amounts deducted from the individual's pay.

(e) The Corporation must, in accordance with procedures established by OPM, pay into the Civil Service Retirement and Disability Fund amounts equal to any agency contributions required under FERS.

(a) Election. Congressional employees who were covered by FERS and provide food service operations for the House of Representatives or the Senate Restaurants can elect to continue their FERS retirement coverage when such food service operations are transferred to a private contractor. These regulations also apply to any successor contractors.

(b) Eligibility requirements. To be eligible for continuation of retirement coverage, an employee must:

(1)(i) Be a Congressional employee (as defined in sec. 2107 of title 5, United States Code), other than an employee of the Architect of the Capitol, engaged in providing food service operations for the House of Representatives under the administrative control of the Architect of the Capitol; or

(ii) Be a Senate Restaurants employee who is an employee of the Architect of the Capitol on July 17, 2008;

(2) Be subject to FERS;

(3) Elect to remain covered under FERS retirement provisions no later than the day before the date on which the food service operations transfer from the House of Representatives or the Senate Restaurants to a private contractor; and

(4) Become employed to provide food services under contract without a break in service. A “break in service” means a separation from employment of at least three calendar days.

(c) Employee deductions. An employee who elects to continue coverage under FERS is deemed to consent to deductions from his or her basic pay for the Civil Service Retirement and Disability Fund in the amount determined in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 8422. The employer providing the food services under contract must, in accordance with procedures established by OPM, pay into the Civil Service Retirement and Disability Fund the amounts deducted from an employee's pay.

(d) Employer contributions. The employer providing food services under contract must, in accordance with procedures established by OPM, pay into the Civil Service Retirement and Disability Fund amounts equal to any agency contributions under 5 U.S.C. 8423 that would be required if the individual were a Congressional employee covered by the Federal Employees Retirement System.

(e) Basic pay of covered former Senate Restaurants Employees. Beginning with annuity payments commencing on or after April 14, 2020, the rate of basic pay paid by a Contractor (defined by 2 U.S.C. 2051(a)(2)) to a covered former Senate Restaurants Employee (defined by 2 U.S.C. 2051(a)(1)) for any period of continuous service performed as an employee of the contract shall be deemed to be basic pay for purposes of 5 U.S.C. 8401(3)-(4).

(f) Retroactive agency contributions and employee deductions related to covered former Senate Restaurants Employees. The agency contributions and employee deductions that must be paid in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 8423 and 2 U.S.C. 2051(c)(6)(A)(ii) for the period on or after June 12, 2019, until April 14, 2020 must be treated in accordance with § 841.505 of this part.