(a) Definitions. For purposes of this section, the following definitions apply:

Diabetes means diabetes mellitus, a condition of abnormal glucose metabolism.

(b) General conditions of coverage. Medicare Part B covers diabetes screening tests after a referral from a physician or qualified nonphysician practitioner to an individual at risk for diabetes for the purpose of early detection of diabetes.

(c) Types of tests covered. The following tests are covered if all other conditions of this subpart are met:

(1) Fasting blood glucose test.

(2) Post-glucose challenges including, but not limited to, an oral glucose tolerance test with a glucose challenge of 75 grams of glucose for non-pregnant adults, a 2-hour post glucose challenge test alone.

(3) Hemoglobin A1C test.

(4) Other tests as determined by the Secretary through a national coverage determination.

(d) Amount of testing covered. Medicare covers two tests within the 12-month period following the date of the most recent diabetes screening test of that individual.

(e) Eligible risk factors. Individuals with the following risk factors are eligible to receive the benefit:

(1) Hypertension.

(2) Dyslipidemia.

(3) Obesity, defined as a body mass index greater than or equal to 30 kg/m 2.

(4) Prior identification of impaired fasting glucose or glucose intolerance.

(5) Any two of the following characteristics:

(i) Overweight, defined as body mass index greater than 25, but less than 30 kg/m 2.

(ii) A family history of diabetes.

(iii) 65 years of age or older.

(iv) A history of gestational diabetes mellitus or delivery of a baby weighing more than 9 pounds.