(a) General. No person shall, on the grounds of race, creed, color, national origin, or sex, be discriminated against or excluded from receiving any benefit from or participating in any activity conducted under any certificates, permits, rights-of-way, leases, and other Federal authorizations to which this part applies.

(b) Specific actions in which discrimination is prohibited. No person shall directly or through contractural or other arrangements, discriminate in any activity to which this part applies, including the following:

(1)(i) Employment policies and practices of employers, including advertising, hiring or firing, up-grading, promotion, or demotion, transfer, layoff, or termination, rates of pay, and other forms of compensation or benefits, or other terms and conditions of employment;

(ii) Employment policies and practices of labor unions, including, acceptance of applications for membership, enrolling or expelling members, classification of members, referrals for employment, training and apprenticeship programs, and the provision of other benefits of membership;

(iii) Employment policies and practices of employment agencies including acceptance of applications for employment services, referrals for employment, classification of individuals for employment, and the provision of other benefits and services.

(2) Procurement practices, including manner of procurement, qualification for contracting or placement on procurement source lists, the composition of sources solicited, the use of pre-bid conferences, solicitation for proposals or bids, the designation of quantities, delivery schedules or other specifications, selection procedures, or performance standards.

(3) The provision of services, financial aid and other benefits provided in whole or in part, under any Federal authorization to which this part applies, more specifically including actions that result in the:

(i) Denial to an individual or establishment of any service, financial aid, or other benefits;

(ii) Provision of any service, financial aid, or other benefit to an individual, or establishment which is different, or is provided in a different manner, from that provided to others;

(iii) Subjection of an individual to segregation or separate treatment in any matter related to the receipt of any service, financial aid, or other benefits;

(iv) Restriction of an individual in any way in the enjoyment of any advantage or privilege enjoyed by others receiving any service, financial aid, or other benefit;

(v) Treatment of an individual that is different from others in the determination of any admission, enrollment, eligibility, membership requirements or other conditions which individuals must meet in order to be provided any service, financial aid, or other benefit;

(vi) Denial to an individual of an opportunity to participate in any activity that is different from that afforded others;

(vii) Denial to an individual of the opportunity to participate as a member of any planning or advisory body that participates in the provision of any service, financial aid, or other benefit;

(viii) Use of criteria or methods of administration which have the effect of subjecting individuals or establishments to discrimination in the determination of the types of services, financial aid, or other benefits, or the facilities that will be provided; or the class of individuals or establishments to which, or the situation in which, such services, financial aids, other benefits, or facilities will be provided; or the class of individuals or establishments to be provided an opportunity to participate in any activity; and

(ix) Selection of a site or location for facilities for the provision of services, financial aid, or other benefits, with the purpose or effect of substantially impairing the objectives of section 17, the President's Decision, and implementing rules, regulations, and orders.

(c) Scope of prohibited discrimination. (1) The enumeration of specific forms of prohibited discrimination in paragraph (b) of this section does not limit the general prohibition in paragraph (b) of this section.

(2) Action taken in compliance with an affirmative action plan developed pursuant to these regulations shall not be deemed a violation of this section.