(a) Each manufacturer of light trucks shall comply with the following fleet average fuel economy standards, expressed in miles per gallon, in the model year (MY) specified as applicable:
| Model year
| 2-wheel drive light trucks
| 4-wheel drive light trucks
| Limited product line light trucks
|
|---|
Captive
imports
| Other
| Captive
imports
| Other
|
|---|
| 1979 | 17.2 | 15.8 | | | |
| 1980 | 16.0 | 16.0 | 14.0 | 14.0 | 14.0
|
| 1981 | 16.7 | 16.7 | 15.0 | 15.0 | 14.5 |
| Model year
| Combined standard
| 2-wheel drive light trucks
| 4-wheel drive light trucks
|
|---|
Captive
imports
| Others
| Captive
imports
| Others
| Captive
imports
| Others
|
|---|
| 1982 | 17.5 | 17.5 | 18.0 | 18.0 | 16.0 | 16.0
|
| 1983 | 19.0 | 19.0 | 19.5 | 19.5 | 17.5 | 17.5
|
| 1984 | 20.0 | 20.0 | 20.3 | 20.3 | 18.5 | 18.5
|
| 1985 | 19.5 | 19.5 | 19.7 | 19.7 | 18.9 | 18.9
|
| 1986 | 20.0 | 20.0 | 20.5 | 20.5 | 19.5 | 19.5
|
| 1987 | 20.5 | 20.5 | 21.0 | 21.0 | 19.5 | 19.5
|
| 1988 | 20.5 | 20.5 | 21.0 | 21.0 | 19.5 | 19.5
|
| 1989 | 20.5 | 20.5 | 21.5 | 21.5 | 19.0 | 19.0
|
| 1990 | 20.0 | 20.0 | 20.5 | 20.5 | 19.0 | 19.0
|
| 1991 | 20.2 | 20.2 | 20.7 | 20.7 | 19.1 | 19.1 |
| Model year
| Combined standard
|
|---|
Captive
imports
| Other
|
|---|
| 1992 | 20.2 | 20.2
|
| 1993 | 20.4 | 20.4
|
| 1994 | 20.5 | 20.5
|
| 1995 | 20.6 | 20.6 |
| Model year
| Standard
|
|---|
| 2001 | 20.7
|
| 2002 | 20.7
|
| 2003 | 20.7
|
| 2004 | 20.7
|
| 2005 | 21.0
|
| 2006 | 21.6
|
| 2007 | 22.2
|
| 2008 | 22.5
|
| 2009 | 23.1
|
| 2010 | 23.5 |
Where:
N is the total number (sum) of light trucks produced by a manufacturer;
Ni is the number (sum) of the ith light truck model type produced by a manufacturer; and
Ti is the fuel economy target of the ith light truck model type, which is determined according to the following formula, rounded to the nearest hundredth:
Where:
Parameters a, b, c, and d are defined in Table 5 to this paragraph (a);
e = 2.718; and
x = footprint (in square feet, rounded to the nearest tenth) of the model type.
Table 5 to § 533.5(a)—Parameters for the Light Truck Fuel Economy Targets for MYs
[2008-2011]
| Model year
| Parameters
|
|---|
a
(mpg)
| b
(mpg)
| c
(gal/mi/ft
2)
| d
(gal/mi)
|
|---|
| 2008 | 28.56 | 19.99 | 49.30 | 5.58
|
| 2009 | 30.07 | 20.87 | 48.00 | 5.81
|
| 2010 | 29.96 | 21.20 | 48.49 | 5.50
|
| 2011 | 27.10 | 21.10 | 56.41 | 4.28 |
Where:
CAFErequired is the fleet average fuel economy standard for a given light truck fleet;
Subscript i is a designation of multiple groups of light trucks, where each group's designation, i.e., i = 1, 2, 3, etc., represents light trucks that share a unique model type and footprint within the applicable fleet;
Productioni is the number of light trucks produced for sale in the United States within each ith designation, i.e., which share the same model type and footprint; and
TARGETi is the fuel economy target in miles per gallon (mpg) applicable to the footprint of light trucks within each ith designation, i.e., which share the same model type and footprint, calculated according to either Figure 3 or 4 to this paragraph (a), as appropriate, and rounded to the nearest hundredth of a mpg, i.e., 35.455 = 35.46 mpg, and the summations in the numerator and denominator are both performed over all models in the fleet in question.
Where:
TARGET is the fuel economy target (in mpg) applicable to vehicles of a given footprint (FOOTPRINT, in square feet);
Parameters a, b, c, and d are defined in Table 6 to this paragraph (a); and
The MIN and MAX functions take the minimum and maximum, respectively, of the included values.
Table 6 for § 533.5(a)—Parameters for the Light Truck Fuel Economy Targets for MYs
[2012-2016]
| Model year
| Parameters
|
|---|
a
(mpg)
| b
(mpg)
| c
(gal/mi/ft
2)
| d
(gal/mi)
|
|---|
| 2012 | 29.82 | 22.27 | 0.0004546 | 0.014900
|
| 2013 | 30.67 | 22.74 | 0.0004546 | 0.013968
|
| 2014 | 31.38 | 23.13 | 0.0004546 | 0.013225
|
| 2015 | 32.72 | 23.85 | 0.0004546 | 0.011920
|
| 2016 | 34.42 | 24.74 | 0.0004546 | 0.010413 |
Where:
TARGET is the fuel economy target (in mpg) applicable to vehicles of a given footprint (FOOTPRINT, in square feet);
Parameters a, b, c, d, e, f, g, and h are defined in Table 7 to this paragraph (a); and
The MIN and MAX functions take the minimum and maximum, respectively, of the included values.
Table 7 to Paragraph (a)-Parameters for the Light Truck Fuel Economy Targets for MYs, 2017-2031
| Model year
| Parameters
|
|---|
a
(mpg)
| b
(mpg)
| c
(gal/mi/ft2)
| d
(gal/mi)
| e
(mpg)
| f
(mpg)
| g
(gal/mi/ft2)
| h
(gal/mi)
|
|---|
| 2017 | 36.26 | 25.09 | 0.0005484 | 0.005097 | 35.10 | 25.09 | 0.0004546 | 0.009851
|
| 2018 | 37.36 | 25.20 | 0.0005358 | 0.004797 | 35.31 | 25.20 | 0.0004546 | 0.009682
|
| 2019 | 38.16 | 25.25 | 0.0005265 | 0.004623 | 35.41 | 25.25 | 0.0004546 | 0.009603
|
| 2020 | 39.11 | 25.25 | 0.0005140 | 0.004494 | 35.41 | 25.25 | 0.0004546 | 0.009603
|
| 2021 | 39.71 | 25.63 | 0.000506 | 0.00443 | NA | NA | NA | NA
|
| 2022 | 40.31 | 26.02 | 0.000499 | 0.00436 | NA | NA | NA | NA
|
| 2023 | 40.93 | 26.42 | 0.000491 | 0.00429 | NA | NA | NA | NA
|
| 2024 | 44.48 | 26.74 | 0.000452 | 0.00395 | NA | NA | NA | NA
|
| 2025 | 48.35 | 29.07 | 0.000416 | 0.00364 | NA | NA | NA | NA
|
| 2026 | 53.73 | 32.30 | 0.000374 | 0.00327 | NA | NA | NA | NA
|
| 2027 | 53.73 | 32.30 | 0.00037418 | 0.00327158 | NA | NA | NA | NA
|
| 2028 | 53.73 | 32.30 | 0.00037418 | 0.00327158 | NA | NA | NA | NA
|
| 2029 | 54.82 | 32.96 | 0.00036670 | 0.00320615 | NA | NA | NA | NA
|
| 2030 | 55.94 | 33.63 | 0.00035936 | 0.00314202 | NA | NA | NA | NA
|
| 2031 | 57.08 | 34.32 | 0.00035218 | 0.00307918 | NA | NA | NA | NA |
(b)(1) For model year 1979, each manufacturer may:
(i) Combine its 2- and 4-wheel drive light trucks and comply with the average fuel economy standard in paragraph (a) of this section for 2-wheel drive light trucks; or
(ii) Comply separately with the two standards specified in paragraph (a) of this section.
(2) For model year 1979, the standard specified in paragraph (a) of this section for 4-wheel drive light trucks applies only to 4-wheel drive general utility vehicles. All other 4-wheel drive light trucks in that model year shall be included in the 2-wheel drive category for compliance purposes.
(c) For model years 1980 and 1981, manufacturers of limited product line light trucks may:
(1) Comply with the separate standard for limited product line light trucks in Table 1 to paragraph (a) of this section; or
(2) Comply with the other standards specified in paragraph (a) of this section, as applicable.
(d) For model years 1982-91, each manufacturer may:
(1) Combine its 2- and 4-wheel drive light trucks (segregating captive import and other light trucks) and comply with the combined average fuel economy standard specified in paragraph (a) of this section; or
(2) Comply separately with the 2-wheel drive standards and the 4-wheel drive standards (segregating captive import and other light trucks) specified in paragraph (a) of this section.
(e) For model year 1992, each manufacturer shall comply with the average fuel economy standard specified in paragraph (a) of this section (segregating captive import and other light trucks).
(f) For each model year 1996 and thereafter, each manufacturer shall combine its captive imports with its other light trucks and comply with the fleet average fuel economy standard in paragraph (a) of this section.
(g) For model years 2008-2010, at a manufacturer's option, a manufacturer's light truck fleet may comply with the fuel economy standard calculated for each model year according to Figure 1 to paragraph (a) of this section and the appropriate values in Table 5 to paragraph (a) of this section, with said option being irrevocably chosen for that model year and reported as specified in § 537.8 of this chapter.
(h) For model year 2011, a manufacturer's light truck fleet shall comply with the fleet average fuel economy standard calculated for that model year according to Figure 1 to paragraph (a) of this section and the appropriate values in Table 5 to paragraph (a) of this section.
(i) For model years 2012-2016, a manufacturer's light truck fleet shall comply with the fleet average fuel economy standard calculated for that model year according to Figures 2 and 3 to paragraph (a) of this section and the appropriate values in Table 6 to paragraph (a) of this section.
(j) For model years 2017-2031, a manufacturer's light truck fleet shall comply with the fleet average fuel economy standard calculated for that model year according to figures 2 and 4 to paragraph (a) of this section and the appropriate values in table 7 to paragraph (a) of this section.
[87 FR 26076, May 2, 2022, as amended at 89 FR 52949, June 24, 2024]