MAR-2-05 CO:R:C:V 731587

Mr. John Schroeder
President, ValleyBrook Gardens, Ltd.
1831 Peardonville Road, R.R. No. 1
Abbotsford, B.C. Canada VS2 1M3

RE: Country of origin marking requirements applicable to imported ornamental plants

Dear Mr. Schroeder

This is in reply to your letter of July 5, 1988, concerning the application of country of origin marking requirements to imported ornamental plants. We regret the delay in responding.

FACTS:

Your nursery produces ornamental plants for sale to landscape contractors and garden centers. You had been complying with country of origin marking requirements for plants imported into the U.S. by placing a plastic tag in each pot. Due to the extra handling involved and the chance the tag could be lost from the pot, you have ceased use of such marking. Your pots now carry the molded-in words, "POT AND PLANT PRODUCT OF CANADA". The words appear on the bottom of the pot.

You report that Customs officers in Blaine, Washington, have objected to the marking now on the pots because they believe it is not in a conspicuous location. You believe there are two conspicuous places on the pots, the sides and the bottom. You correctly state that marking need not appear in the most conspicuous place on an article or its container and go on to state that the side of the pot is more conspicuous than the bottom but marking on the bottom is visible.

ISSUE:

Does country of origin marking molded-in to the bottom a plastic pot that will be delivered to ultimate purchasers filled with soil and a plant satisfy the requirements of 19 U.S.C. 1304?

LAW AND ANALYSIS:

Section 304 of the Tariff Act of 1930, as amended (19 U.S.C 1304), requires that every article of foreign origin (or its container) imported into the United States shall be marked in a conspicuous location as legibly, indelibly and permanently as the

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nature of the article (or container) will permit, in such a manner as to indicate to the ultimate purchaser in the United States the English name of the country of origin of the article. Section 304(a)(3)(J) of the Act lists articles which are excepted from the requirement of individual marking. Included on the "J- list" are "Plants, shrubs and other nursery stock." However, pursuant to { 134.33, Customs Regulations (19 CFR 134.33), the outermost container in which a "J-list" article reaches the ultimate purchaser is required to be marked to indicate the country of origin of its contents.

Section 134.41(b), Customs Regulations (19 CFR 134.41(b)), states in reference to country of origin marking, "The ultimate purchaser must be able to find the marking easily and read it without strain."

It is the opinion of this office that the marking indicating the origin of the plant and pot displayed on the bottom of the sample pots you submitted is legible, i.e., readable without strain. The molded-in lettering of the country of origin disclosure is the same color as its background and although such "blind lettering" is usually unacceptable, in this instance the letters are large enough and sufficiently raised to make them acceptable in regard to legibility. However, the marking is not conspicuous, i.e., marking that would be easily found by ultimate purchasers. We consider it unlikely that a purchaser will turn upside down a pot full of soil. Further, pots such as the sample you submitted are often placed in trays which obscure the bottom of the pots. Finally, we believe that in many instances the bottoms of the pots would be covered by muddy water and dirt due to the watering they receive pending sale to an ultimate purchaser.

The molded-in marking on the bottom of these pots would be sufficient if the pots were imported empty. However, for pots you continue to import filled with soil and a plant, we suggest these alternative markings: (1) move the molded-in marking up to one of the sides of the pot where it will be easily found by ultimate purchasers upon observation of the pot and plant; (2) place an adhesive sticker on one of the sides of the pot imprinted with country of origin information (the sticker should be secure enough to remain on the pot during normal handling and distribution until receipt by an ultimate purchaser) or; (3) you may return to your old practice of placing a plastic tag in each pot.

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HOLDING:

Country of origin marking molded-in to the bottom of plastic pots indicating the origin of the pots and of the plants contained therein is not conspicuous marking as is required by 19 U.S.C. 1304.

Sincerely,

Marvin M. Amernick
Chief, Value, Special Programs
and Admissibility Branch