Provisions similar to those in this section were contained in section 1374(b), (f) of this title, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 103–337, § 1662(k)(2).

2021—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 116–283, § 508(b)(5)(A), substituted “section 1370a of this title” for “section 1370(d)”.

Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 116–283, § 508(b)(5)(B), substituted “section 1370a” for “section 1370(d)”.

2009—Pub. L. 111–84 designated existing provisions as subsec. (a), inserted heading, and added subsec. (b).

Section effective Dec. 1, 1994, except as otherwise provided, see section 1691 of Pub. L. 103–337, set out as a note under section 10001 of this title.