1994—Pub. L. 103–328 designated existing provisions as subsec. (a), inserted heading, and added subsec. (b).

1987—Pub. L. 100–86 substituted “No provision of this chapter shall” for “The enactment by the Congress of this chapter shall not” and inserted “companies,” before “banks,”.

Amendment by Pub. L. 103–328 effective at end of 1-year period beginning on Sept. 29, 1994, see section 101(e) of Pub. L. 103–328, set out as a note under section 1828 of this title.