§ 3844.
Administrative requirements for conservation programs
(a)
Incentives for certain farmers and ranchers and Indian tribes
(1)
Incentives authorized
In carrying out any conservation program administered by the Secretary, the Secretary may provide to a person or entity specified in paragraph (2) incentives to participate in the conservation program—
(A)
to foster new farming and ranching opportunities; and
(B)
to enhance long-term environmental goals.
(2)
Covered persons
Incentives authorized by paragraph (1) may be provided to the following:
(A)
Beginning farmers or ranchers.
(B)
Socially disadvantaged farmers or ranchers.
(C)
Limited resource farmers or ranchers.
(E)
Veteran farmers or ranchers (as defined in section 2279(e)
1
See References in Text note below.
of title 7).
(b)
Privacy of personal information relating to natural resources conservation programs
(1)
Information received for technical and financial assistance
(A)
In general
In accordance with
section 552(b)(3) of title 5, except as provided in subparagraph (C) and paragraph (2), information described in subparagraph (B)—
(i)
shall not be considered to be public information; and
(ii)
shall not be released to any person or Federal, State, local agency or Indian tribe (as defined by the Secretary) outside the Department of Agriculture.
(B)
Information
The information referred to in subparagraph (A) is information—
(i)
provided to the Secretary or a contractor of the Secretary (including information provided under subchapter IV) for the purpose of providing technical or financial assistance to an owner, operator, or producer with respect to any natural resources conservation program administered by the Natural Resources Conservation Service or the Farm Service Agency; and
(ii)
that is proprietary (within the meaning of
section 552(b)(4) of title 5) to the agricultural operation or land that is a part of an agricultural operation of the owner, operator, or producer.
(2)
Exceptions
(A)
Release and disclosure for enforcement
(B)
Disclosure to cooperating persons and agencies
(ii)
Use of information
The person or Federal, State, local, or tribal agency that receives information described in clause (i) may release the information only for the purpose of assisting the Secretary—
(I)
in providing the requested technical or financial assistance; or
(II)
in collecting information from data gathering sites.
(C)
Statistical and aggregate information
Information covered by paragraph (1) may be disclosed to the public if the information has been transformed into a statistical or aggregate form without naming any—
(i)
individual owner, operator, or producer; or
(ii)
specific data gathering site.
(D)
Consent of owner, operator, or producer
(ii)
Condition of other programs
(3)
Violations; penalties
(4)
Data collection, disclosure, and review
Nothing in this subsection—
(A)
affects any procedure for data collection or disclosure through the National Resources Inventory; or
(B)
limits the authority of Congress or the Government Accountability Office to review information collected or disclosed under this subsection.
(c)
Plans
The Secretary shall, to the extent practicable, avoid duplication in—
(1)
the conservation plans required for—
(A)
highly erodible land conservation under subchapter II; and
(B)
the conservation reserve program established under subpart B of part I of subchapter IV;
(2)
the agricultural conservation easement program established under subchapter VII; and
(3)
the environmental quality incentives program established under subpart A of part IV of subchapter IV.
(e)
Provision of technical assistance by other sources
(f)
Acreage limitations
(2)
Exceptions
The Secretary may exceed the limitation in paragraph (1)(A), if the Secretary determines that—
(A)
the action would not adversely affect the local economy of a county; and
(B)
operators in the county are having difficulties complying with conservation plans implemented under
section 3812 of this title.
(3)
Waiver to exclude certain acreage
(4)
Exclusions
(A)
Shelterbelts and windbreaks
(B)
Wet and saturated soils
(g)
Compliance and performance
For each conservation program under subchapter IV, the Secretary shall develop procedures—
(1)
to monitor compliance with program requirements;
(2)
to measure program performance;
(3)
to demonstrate whether the long-term conservation benefits of the program are being achieved;
(4)
to track participation by crop and livestock types; and
(5)
to coordinate activities described in this subsection with the national conservation program authorized under
section 2004 of this title.
(h)
Encouragement of pollinator habitat development and protection
In carrying out any conservation program administered by the Secretary, the Secretary may, as appropriate, encourage—
(1)
the development of habitat for native and managed pollinators; and
(2)
the use of conservation practices that benefit native and managed pollinators, including, to the extent practicable, practices that maximize benefits for honey bees.
(i)
Streamlined application process
(2)
Review and streamlining
(B)
Streamlining
On completion of the review the Secretary shall revise application forms and processes, as necessary, to ensure that—
(i)
all required application information is essential for the efficient, effective, and accountable implementation of conservation programs;
(ii)
conservation program applicants are not required to provide information that is readily available to the Secretary through existing information systems of the Department of Agriculture;
(iii)
information provided by the applicant is managed and delivered efficiently for use in all stages of the application process, or for multiple applications; and
(iv)
information technology is used effectively to minimize data and information input requirements.
(3)
Implementation and notification
(j)
Review and guidance for practice costs and payment rates
(1)
In general
Not later than 1 year after December 20, 2018, and not later than October 1 of each year thereafter, the Secretary shall—
(A)
review the estimates for practice costs and rates of payments made to producers for practices on eligible land under this chapter; and
(B)
evaluate whether those costs and rates reflect a payment that—
(i)
encourages participation in a conservation program administered by the Secretary;
(ii)
encourages implementation of the most effective practices to address local natural resource concerns on eligible land; and
(iii)
accounts for regional, State, and local variability relating to the complexity, implementation, and adoption of practices on eligible land.
(2)
Guidance; review
The Secretary shall—
(A)
issue guidance to States to annually review and adjust the estimates for practice costs and rates of payments made to producers to reflect the evaluation factors described in paragraph (1)(B); and
(B)
determine the appropriate practice costs and rates of payments for each State by—
(i)
annually reviewing each conservation program payment schedule and payment rate used in the State; and
(k)
Improved administrative efficiency and effectiveness
In administrating a conservation program under this chapter, the Secretary shall, to the maximum extent practicable—
(1)
seek to reduce administrative burdens and costs to producers by streamlining conservation planning and program resources; and
(2)
take advantage of new technologies to enhance efficiency and effectiveness.
(l)
Relation to other payments
Any payment received by an owner or operator under this chapter, including an easement payment or rental payment, shall be in addition to, and not affect, the total amount of payments that the owner or operator is otherwise eligible to receive under any of the following:
(3)
The Agricultural Act of 2014.
(4)
Any law that succeeds a law specified in paragraph (1), (2), or (3).
(m)
Funding for Indian tribes
In carrying out the conservation stewardship program under subpart B of part IV of subchapter IV and the environmental quality incentives program under subpart A of part IV of subchapter IV, the Secretary shall enter into alternative funding arrangements with Indian tribes if the Secretary determines that—
(1)
the goals and objectives of the programs will be met by such arrangements;
(2)
a sufficient number of eligible participants will be aggregated under the alternative funding arrangement to accomplish the underlying purposes and objectives of the applicable program; and
(3)
statutory limitations regarding contracts with individual producers will not be exceeded by any tribal member, except that the Secretary may approve a waiver if the Secretary is authorized to approve a waiver under the statutory authority of the applicable program.
(n)
Source water protection through targeting of agricultural practices
(2)
Collaboration with water systems and increased incentives
(A)
In general
In encouraging practices under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall—
(i)
work collaboratively with community water systems and State technical committees established under
section 3861(a) of this title to identify, in each State, local priority areas for the protection of source waters for drinking water; and
(ii)
subject to subparagraph (B), for practices described in paragraph (1), offer to producers increased incentives and higher payment rates than are otherwise statutorily authorized by the applicable conservation program administered by the Secretary.
(o)
Environmental services market
(p)
Regulatory certainty
(1)
In general
In addition to technical and programmatic information that the Secretary is otherwise authorized to provide, on request of a Federal agency, a State, an Indian tribe, or a unit of local government, the Secretary may provide technical and programmatic information—
(A)
subject to paragraph (2), to the Federal agency, State, Indian tribe, or unit of local government to support specifically the development of mechanisms that would provide regulatory certainty, regulatory predictability, safe harbor protection, or other similar regulatory assurances to a farmer, rancher, or private nonindustrial forest landowner under a regulatory requirement—
(i)
that relates to soil, water, or wildlife; and
(ii)
over which that Federal agency, State, Indian tribe, or unit of local government has authority; and
(B)
relating to conservation practices or activities that could be implemented by a farmer, rancher, or private nonindustrial forest landowner to address a targeted soil, water, or wildlife resource concern that is the direct subject of a regulatory requirement enforced by that Federal agency, State, Indian tribe, or unit of local government, as applicable.
(2)
Mechanisms
The Secretary shall only provide additional technical and programmatic information under paragraph (1) if the mechanisms to be developed by the Federal agency, State, Indian tribe, or unit of local government, as applicable, under paragraph (1)(A) are anticipated to include, at a minimum—
(A)
the implementation of 1 or more conservation practices or activities that effectively addresses the soil, water, or wildlife resource concern identified under paragraph (1);
(B)
the on-site confirmation that the applicable conservation practices or activities identified under subparagraph (A) have been implemented;
(C)
a plan for a periodic audit, as appropriate, of the continued implementation or maintenance of each of the conservation practices or activities identified under subparagraph (A); and
(D)
notification to a farmer, rancher, or private nonindustrial forest landowner of, and an opportunity to correct, any noncompliance with a requirement to obtain regulatory certainty, regulatory predictability, safe harbor protection, or other similar regulatory assurance.
(3)
Continuing current collaboration on soil, water, or wildlife conservation practices
The Secretary shall—
(A)
continue collaboration with Federal agencies, States, Indian tribes, or local units of government on existing regulatory certainty, regulatory predictability, safe harbor protection, or other similar regulatory assurances in accordance with paragraph (2); and
(B)
continue collaboration with the Secretary of the Interior on consultation under
section 1536(a)(2) of this title or conference under
section 1536(a)(4) of this title, as applicable, for wildlife conservation efforts, including the Working Lands for Wildlife model of conservation on working landscapes, as implemented on the day before
December 20, 2018, in accordance with—
(i)
the document entitled “Partnership Agreement Between the United States Department of Agriculture Natural Resources Conservation Service and the United States Department of the Interior Fish and Wildlife Service”, numbered A–3A75–16–937, and formalized by the Chief of the Natural Resources Conservation Service on September 15, 2016, and by the Director of the United States Fish and Wildlife Service on August 4, 2016, as in effect on September 15, 2016; and
(ii)
United States Fish and Wildlife Service Director’s Order No. 217, dated August 9, 2016, as in effect on August 9, 2016.
(4)
Savings clause
Nothing in this subsection—
(A)
preempts, displaces, or supplants any authority or right of a Federal agency, a State, an Indian tribe, or a unit of local government;
(B)
modifies or otherwise affects, preempts, or displaces—
(i)
any cause of action; or
(ii)
a provision of Federal or State law establishing a remedy for a civil or criminal cause of action; or
(C)
applies to a case in which the Department of Agriculture is the originating agency requesting a consultation or other technical and programmatic information or assistance from another Federal agency in assisting farmers, ranchers, or nonindustrial private forest landowners participating in a conservation program administered by the Secretary.
([Pub. L. 99–198, title XII, § 1244], as added [Pub. L. 107–171, title II, § 2004(a)], May 13, 2002, [116 Stat. 235]; amended [Pub. L. 110–234, title II], §§ 2707(a), 2708, May 22, 2008, [122 Stat. 1077], 1079; [Pub. L. 110–246, § 4(a)], title II, §§ 2707(a), 2708, June 18, 2008, [122 Stat. 1664], 1805, 1807; [Pub. L. 113–79, title II], §§ 2301(b), 2606, Feb. 7, 2014, [128 Stat. 743], 760; [Pub. L. 115–141, div. A, title VII, § 766], Mar. 23, 2018, [132 Stat. 397];