For information regarding the constitutionality of certain provisions of subsection (a) of this section, see the Table of Laws Held Unconstitutional in Whole or in Part by the Supreme Court on the Constitution Annotated website, constitution.congress.gov.

2002—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 107–273 substituted “122” for “121”.

1999—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 106–44 substituted “121” for “119”.

Section effective with respect to violations that occur on or after Nov. 15, 1990, see section 3 of Pub. L. 101–553, set out as an Effective Date of 1990 Amendment note under section 501 of this title.