18 USC 2319A - Unauthorized fixation of and trafficking in sound recordings and music videos of live musical performances

U.S Code last checked for updates: Nov 22, 2024

§ 2319A.

Unauthorized fixation of and trafficking in sound recordings and music videos of live musical performances

(a)

Offense.—

Whoever, without the consent of the performer or performers involved, knowingly and for purposes of commercial advantage or private financial gain—

(1)

fixes the sounds or sounds and images of a live musical performance in a copy or phonorecord, or reproduces copies or phonorecords of such a performance from an unauthorized fixation;

(2)

transmits or otherwise communicates to the public the sounds or sounds and images of a live musical performance; or

(3)

distributes or offers to distribute, sells or offers to sell, rents or offers to rent, or traffics in any copy or phonorecord fixed as described in paragraph (1), regardless of whether the fixations occurred in the United States;

shall be imprisoned for not more than 5 years or fined in the amount set forth in this title, or both, or if the offense is a second or subsequent offense, shall be imprisoned for not more than 10 years or fined in the amount set forth in this title, or both.

(b)

Forfeiture and Destruction of Property; Restitution.—

Forfeiture, destruction, and restitution relating to this section shall be subject to section 2323, to the extent provided in that section, in addition to any other similar remedies provided by law.

(c)

Seizure and Forfeiture.—

If copies or phonorecords of sounds or sounds and images of a live musical performance are fixed outside of the United States without the consent of the performer or performers involved, such copies or phonorecords are subject to seizure and forfeiture in the United States in the same manner as property imported in violation of the customs laws. The Secretary of Homeland Security shall issue regulations by which any performer may, upon payment of a specified fee, be entitled to notification by United States Customs and Border Protection of the importation of copies or phonorecords that appear to consist of unauthorized fixations of the sounds or sounds and images of a live musical performance.

(d)

Victim Impact Statement.—

(1)

During preparation of the presentence report pursuant to Rule 32(c) of the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure, victims of the offense shall be permitted to submit, and the probation officer shall receive, a victim impact statement that identifies the victim of the offense and the extent and scope of the injury and loss suffered by the victim, including the estimated economic impact of the offense on that victim.

(2)

Persons permitted to submit victim impact statements shall include—

(A)

producers and sellers of legitimate works affected by conduct involved in the offense;

(B)

holders of intellectual property rights in such works; and

(C)

the legal representatives of such producers, sellers, and holders.

(e)

Definitions.—

As used in this section—

(1)

the terms “copy”, “fixed”, “musical work”, “phonorecord”, “reproduce”, “sound recordings”, and “transmit” mean those terms within the meaning of title 17; and

(2)

the term “traffic” has the same meaning as in section 2320(e) 1

 See References in Text note below.

of this title.

(f)

Applicability.—

This section shall apply to any Act or Acts that occur on or after the date of the enactment of the Uruguay Round Agreements Act.

(Added Pub. L. 103–465, title V, § 513(a), Dec. 8, 1994, 108 Stat. 4974; amended Pub. L. 105–147, § 2(e), Dec. 16, 1997, 111 Stat. 2679; Pub. L. 109–181, § 2(c)(1), Mar. 16, 2006, 120 Stat. 288; Pub. L. 110–403, title II, § 203, Oct. 13, 2008, 122 Stat. 4261.)

cite as: 18 USC 2319A