21 USC 379dd - Establishment and functions of the Foundation

U.S Code last checked for updates: Nov 22, 2024

§ 379dd.

Establishment and functions of the Foundation

(a)

In general

(b)

Purpose of Foundation

(c)

Duties of the Foundation

The Foundation shall—

(1)

taking into consideration the Critical Path reports and priorities published by the Food and Drug Administration, identify unmet needs in the development, manufacture, and evaluation of the safety and effectiveness, including postapproval, of devices, including diagnostics, biologics, and drugs, and the safety of food, food ingredients, and cosmetics, and including the incorporation of more sensitive and predictive tools and devices to measure safety;

(2)

establish goals and priorities in order to meet the unmet needs identified in paragraph (1);

(3)

in consultation with the Secretary, identify existing and proposed Federal intramural and extramural research and development programs relating to the goals and priorities established under paragraph (2), coordinate Foundation activities with such programs, and minimize Foundation duplication of existing efforts;

(4)

award grants to, or enter into contracts, memoranda of understanding, or cooperative agreements with, scientists and entities, which may include the Food and Drug Administration, university consortia, public-private partnerships, institutions of higher education, entities described in section 501(c)(3) of title 26 (and exempt from tax under section 501(a) of such title), and industry, to efficiently and effectively advance the goals and priorities established under paragraph (2);

(5)

recruit meeting participants and hold or sponsor (in whole or in part) meetings as appropriate to further the goals and priorities established under paragraph (2);

(6)

release and publish information and data and, to the extent practicable, license, distribute, and release material, reagents, and techniques to maximize, promote, and coordinate the availability of such material, reagents, and techniques for use by the Food and Drug Administration, nonprofit organizations, and academic and industrial researchers to further the goals and priorities established under paragraph (2);

(7)

ensure that—

(A)

action is taken as necessary to obtain patents for inventions developed by the Foundation or with funds from the Foundation;

(B)

action is taken as necessary to enable the licensing of inventions developed by the Foundation or with funds from the Foundation; and

(C)

executed licenses, memoranda of understanding, material transfer agreements, contracts, and other such instruments, promote, to the maximum extent practicable, the broadest conversion to commercial and noncommercial applications of licensed and patented inventions of the Foundation to further the goals and priorities established under paragraph (2);

(8)

provide objective clinical and scientific information to the Food and Drug Administration and, upon request, to other Federal agencies to assist in agency determinations of how to ensure that regulatory policy accommodates scientific advances and meets the agency’s public health mission;

(9)

conduct annual assessments of the unmet needs identified in paragraph (1); and

(10)

carry out such other activities consistent with the purposes of the Foundation as the Board determines appropriate.

(d)

Board of Directors

(1)

Establishment

(A)

In general

(B)

Ex officio members

The ex officio members of the Board shall be the following individuals or their designees:

(i)

The Commissioner.

(ii)

The Director of the National Institutes of Health.

(iii)

The Director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

(iv)

The Director of the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality.

(C)

Appointed members

(i)

In general

The ex officio members of the Board under subparagraph (B) shall, by majority vote, appoint to the Board 14 individuals, of which 9 shall be from a list of candidates to be provided by the National Academy of Sciences and 5 shall be from lists of candidates provided by patient and consumer advocacy groups, professional scientific and medical societies, and industry trade organizations. Of such appointed members—

(I)

4 shall be representatives of the general pharmaceutical, device, food, cosmetic, and biotechnology industries;

(II)

3 shall be representatives of academic research organizations;

(III)

2 shall be representatives of patient or consumer advocacy organizations;

(IV)

1 shall be a representative of health care providers; and

(V)

4 shall be at-large members with expertise or experience relevant to the purpose of the Foundation.

(ii)

Additional members

(iii)

Requirements

(I)

Expertise

(II)

Federal employees

(D)

Initial meeting

(i)

In general

Not later than 30 days after September 27, 2007, the Secretary shall convene a meeting of the ex officio members of the Board to—

(I)

incorporate the Foundation; and

(II)

appoint the members of the Board in accordance with subparagraph (C).

(ii)

Service of ex officio members

Upon the appointment of the members of the Board under clause (i)(II)—

(I)

the terms of service of the Director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and of the Director of the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality as ex officio members of the Board shall terminate; and

(II)

the Commissioner and the Director of the National Institutes of Health shall continue to serve as ex officio members of the Board, but shall be nonvoting members.

(iii)

Chair

(2)

Duties of Board

The Board shall—

(A)

establish bylaws for the Foundation that—

(i)

are published in the Federal Register and available for public comment;

(ii)

establish policies for the selection of the officers, employees, agents, and contractors of the Foundation;

(iii)

establish policies, including ethical standards, for the acceptance, solicitation, and disposition of donations and grants to the Foundation and for the disposition of the assets of the Foundation, including appropriate limits on the ability of donors to designate, by stipulation or restriction, the use or recipient of donated funds;

(iv)

establish policies that would subject all employees, fellows, and trainees of the Foundation to the conflict of interest standards under section 208 of title 18;

(v)

establish licensing, distribution, and publication policies that support the widest and least restrictive use by the public of information and inventions developed by the Foundation or with Foundation funds to carry out the duties described in paragraphs (6) and (7) of subsection (c), and may include charging cost-based fees for published material produced by the Foundation;

(vi)

specify principles for the review of proposals and awarding of grants and contracts that include peer review and that are consistent with those of the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health, to the extent determined practicable and appropriate by the Board;

(vii)

specify a cap on administrative expenses for recipients of a grant, contract, or cooperative agreement from the Foundation;

(viii)

establish policies for the execution of memoranda of understanding and cooperative agreements between the Foundation and other entities, including the Food and Drug Administration;

(ix)

establish policies for funding training fellowships, whether at the Foundation, academic or scientific institutions, or the Food and Drug Administration, for scientists, doctors, and other professionals who are not employees of regulated industry, to foster greater understanding of and expertise in new scientific tools, diagnostics, manufacturing techniques, and potential barriers to translating basic research into clinical and regulatory practice;

(x)

specify a process for annual Board review of the operations of the Foundation; and

(xi)

establish specific duties of the Executive Director;

(B)

prioritize and provide overall direction to the activities of the Foundation;

(C)

evaluate the performance of the Executive Director; and

(D)

carry out any other necessary activities regarding the functioning of the Foundation.

(3)

Terms and vacancies

(A)

Term

The term of office of each member of the Board appointed under paragraph (1)(C)(i), and the term of office of any member of the Board whose position is established pursuant to paragraph (1)(C)(ii), shall be 4 years, except that—

(i)

the terms of offices for the members of the Board initially appointed under paragraph (1)(C)(i) shall expire on a staggered basis as determined by the ex officio members; and

(ii)

the terms of office for the persons initially appointed to positions established pursuant to paragraph (1)(C)(ii) may be made to expire on a staggered basis, as determined by the individuals who, as of the date of the amendment establishing such positions, are members of the Board.

(B)

Vacancy

Any vacancy in the membership of the Board—

(i)

shall not affect the power of the remaining members to execute the duties of the Board; and

(ii)

shall be filled by appointment by the appointed members described in paragraph (1)(C) by majority vote.

(C)

Partial term

(D)

Serving past term

(4)

Compensation

(e)

Incorporation

(f)

Nonprofit status

In carrying out subsection (b), the Board shall establish such policies and bylaws under subsection (d), and the Executive Director shall carry out such activities under subsection (g), as may be necessary to ensure that the Foundation maintains status as an organization that—

(1)

is described in subsection (c)(3) of section 501 of title 26; and

(2)

is, under subsection (a) of such section, exempt from taxation.

(g)

Executive Director

(1)

In general

(2)

Compensation

(h)

Administrative powers

In carrying out this part, the Board, acting through the Executive Director, may—

(1)

adopt, alter, and use a corporate seal, which shall be judicially noticed;

(2)

hire, promote, compensate, and discharge 1 or more officers, employees, and agents, as may be necessary, and define their duties;

(3)

prescribe the manner in which—

(A)

real or personal property of the Foundation is acquired, held, and transferred;

(B)

general operations of the Foundation are to be conducted; and

(C)

the privileges granted to the Board by law are exercised and enjoyed;

(4)

with the consent of the applicable executive department or independent agency, use the information, services, and facilities of such department or agencies in carrying out this section;

(5)

enter into contracts with public and private organizations for the writing, editing, printing, and publishing of books and other material;

(6)

hold, administer, invest, and spend any gift, devise, or bequest of real or personal property made to the Foundation under subsection (i);

(7)

enter into such other contracts, leases, cooperative agreements, and other transactions as the Board considers appropriate to conduct the activities of the Foundation;

(8)

modify or consent to the modification of any contract or agreement to which it is a party or in which it has an interest under this part;

(9)

take such action as may be necessary to obtain patents and licenses for devices and procedures developed by the Foundation and its employees;

(10)

sue and be sued in its corporate name, and complain and defend in courts of competent jurisdiction;

(11)

appoint other groups of advisors as may be determined necessary to carry out the functions of the Foundation; and

(12)

exercise other powers as set forth in this section, and such other incidental powers as are necessary to carry out its powers, duties, and functions in accordance with this part.

(i)

Acceptance of funds from other sources

(j)

Service of Federal employees

(k)

Detail of Government employees; fellowships

(1)

Detail from Federal agencies

(2)

Voluntary service; acceptance of Federal employees

(A)

Foundation

(B)

Food and Drug Administration

(l)

Annual reports

(1)

Reports to Foundation

(2)

Report to Congress and the FDA

Beginning with fiscal year 2009, the Executive Director shall submit to Congress and the Commissioner an annual report that—

(A)

describes the activities of the Foundation and the progress of the Foundation in furthering the goals and priorities established under subsection (c)(2), including the practical impact of the Foundation on regulated product development;

(B)

provides a specific accounting of the source and use of all funds used by the Foundation to carry out such activities; and

(C)

provides information on how the results of Foundation activities could be incorporated into the regulatory and product review activities of the Food and Drug Administration.

(m)

Separation of funds

(n)

Funding

(June 25, 1938, ch. 675, § 770, as added Pub. L. 110–85, title VI, § 601(a), Sept. 27, 2007, 121 Stat. 890; amended Pub. L. 114–255, div. A, title III, § 3076, Dec. 13, 2016, 130 Stat. 1139; Pub. L. 117–101, § 2(a), Mar. 15, 2022, 136 Stat. 47.)

cite as: 21 USC 379dd