For inflation adjustment of certain items in this section, see Revenue Procedures listed in a table under section 1 of this title.

Section 27, referred to in subsec. (c)(1), was amended generally by Pub. L. 115–141, div. U, title IV, § 401(d)(1)(A), Mar. 23, 2018, 132 Stat. 1206, and as so amended, no longer contains a subsec. (a) designation. Text of section 27 as amended by Pub. L. 115–141 is identical to that of former section 27(a).

Pub. L. 110–234 and Pub. L. 110–246 made identical amendments to this section. The amendments by Pub. L. 110–234 were repealed by section 4(a) of Pub. L. 110–246.

A prior section 55, Pub. L. 95–600, title IV, § 421(a), Nov. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 2871; amended Pub. L. 96–222, title I, § 104(a)(4)(A)–(D), (G), (H)(i), (ii), (viii), Apr. 1, 1980, 94 Stat. 215–218; Pub. L. 96–223, title II, § 232(b)(2)(A), (c)(2), Apr. 2, 1980, 94 Stat. 276, 277; Pub. L. 96–603, § 4(a), (b), Dec. 28, 1980, 94 Stat. 3513, 3514; Pub. L. 97–34, title I, § 101(d)(1), title II, § 221(b)(1)(A), title III, § 331(d)(1)(A), Aug. 13, 1981, 95 Stat. 183, 246, 294; Pub. L. 97–248, title II, § 201(a), Sept. 3, 1982, 96 Stat. 411; Pub. L. 97–354, § 5(a)(13), Oct. 19, 1982, 96 Stat. 1693; Pub. L. 97–448, title I, § 103(g)(2)(E), title III, §§ 305(c), 306(a)(1)(B), (C), Jan. 12, 1983, 96 Stat. 2379, 2399, 2400; Pub. L. 98–369, div. A, title IV, §§ 474(q), 491(d)(1), title VI, § 612(e)(3), title VII, § 711(a)(1), (4), (5), July 18, 1984, 98 Stat. 838, 849, 912, 942, 943; Pub. L. 99–514, title XVIII, § 1847(a), Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2856, related to alternative minimum tax for taxpayers other than corporations, prior to the general revision of this part by Pub. L. 99–514, § 701(a).

2022—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 117–169, § 10101(a)(4)(A), substituted “There” for “In the case of a taxpayer other than a corporation, there” in introductory provisions.

Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 117–169, § 10101(a)(3), inserted “plus, in the case of an applicable corporation, the tax imposed by section 59A” before period at end.

Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 117–169, § 10101(a)(4)(B)(i)(I), substituted “Noncorporate taxpayers” for “Amount of tentative tax” in heading and inserted introductory provisions.

Subsec. (b)(1)(D). Pub. L. 117–169, § 10101(a)(4)(B)(i)(II), added subpar. (D).

Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 117–169, § 10101(a)(1), amended par. (2) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (2) defined “alternative minimum taxable income”.

2019—Subsec. (d)(4)(A)(iii). Pub. L. 116–94 added cl. (iii).

2017—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 115–97, § 12001(a), substituted “In the case of a taxpayer other than a corporation, there” for “There” in introductory provisions.

Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 115–97, § 12001(b)(3)(A), amended par. (1) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (1) related to amount of tentative tax.

Subsec. (b)(3). Pub. L. 115–97, § 12001(b)(3)(B), substituted “paragraph (1)(A)” for “paragraph (1)(A)(i)” in introductory provisions.

Subsec. (c)(1). Pub. L. 115–97, § 12001(b)(4), struck out “, the section 936 credit allowable under section 27(b), and the Puerto Rico economic activity credit under section 30A” after “section 27(a)”.

Subsec. (d)(2). Pub. L. 115–97, § 12001(b)(5)(A), redesignated par. (3) as (2) and struck out former par. (2). Prior to amendment, text of par. (2) read as follows: “In the case of a corporation, the term ‘exemption amount’ means $40,000.”

Subsec. (d)(2)(D). Pub. L. 115–97, § 12001(b)(5)(B), struck out subpar. (D) which read as follows: “$150,000 in the case of a taxpayer described in paragraph (2).”

Subsec. (d)(3). Pub. L. 115–97, § 12001(b)(5)(A), redesignated par. (4) as (3). Former par. (3) redesignated (2).

Subsec. (d)(3)(B)(i). Pub. L. 115–97, § 12001(b)(5)(C)(i), substituted “(b)(1)(A)” for “(b)(1)(A)(i)”.

Subsec. (d)(3)(B)(iii). Pub. L. 115–97, § 12001(b)(5)(C)(ii), substituted “paragraph (2)” for “paragraph (3)”.

Subsec. (d)(4). Pub. L. 115–97, § 12003(a), added par. (4). Former par. (4) redesignated (3).

Subsec. (d)(4)(A)(ii). Pub. L. 115–97, § 11002(d)(1)(I), substituted “for ‘calendar year 2016’ in subparagraph (A)(ii)” for “for ‘calendar year 1992’ in subparagraph (B)”.

Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 115–97, § 12001(b)(6), struck out subsec. (e) which related to exemption for small corporations.

2015—Subsec. (b)(4). Pub. L. 114–113 struck out par. (4) which related to the maximum rate of tax on qualified timber gain of corporations.

2014—Subsec. (d)(4)(B)(ii). Pub. L. 113–295, § 202(c)(1), inserted “subparagraphs (A), (B), and (D) of” before “paragraph (1)”.

Subsec. (d)(4)(C). Pub. L. 113–295, § 202(c)(2), substituted “increased amount” for “increase”.

2013—Subsec. (b)(1)(A)(iii). Pub. L. 112–240, § 104(b)(2)(A), substituted “by substituting 50 percent of the dollar amount otherwise applicable under subclause (I) and subclause (II) thereof.” for “by substituting ‘$87,500’ for ‘$175,000’ each place it appears.”

Subsec. (b)(3)(B). Pub. L. 112–240, § 102(c)(2), substituted “0 percent” for “5 percent (0 percent in the case of taxable years beginning after 2007)”.

Subsec. (b)(3)(C) to (E). Pub. L. 112–240, § 102(b)(2), added subpars. (C) and (D), redesignated former subpar. (D) as (E), and struck out former subpar. (C) which read as follows: “15 percent of the adjusted net capital gain (or, if less, taxable excess) in excess of the amount on which tax is determined under subparagraph (B), plus”.

Subsec. (c)(3). Pub. L. 112–240, § 104(c)(2)(J), substituted “30C(d)(2)” for “26(a), 30C(d)(2),”.

Subsec. (d)(1)(A). Pub. L. 112–240, § 104(a)(1)(A), in introductory provisions, substituted “$78,750” for “$45,000 ($72,450 in the case of taxable years beginning in 2010 and $74,450 in the case of taxable years beginning in 2011)”.

Subsec. (d)(1)(B). Pub. L. 112–240, § 104(a)(1)(B), in introductory provisions, substituted “$50,600” for “$33,750 ($47,450 in the case of taxable years beginning in 2010 and $48,450 in the case of taxable years beginning in 2011)”.

Subsec. (d)(1)(C). Pub. L. 112–240, § 104(a)(1)(C), substituted “subparagraph (A)” for “paragraph (1)(A)”.

Subsec. (d)(3)(A). Pub. L. 112–240, § 104(b)(2)(B)(i), struck out “or (2)” after “paragraph (1)(A)”.

Subsec. (d)(3)(C), (D). Pub. L. 112–240, § 104(b)(2)(B)(ii), (iii), added subpars. (C) and (D) and struck out former subpar. (C) which read as follows: “$75,000 in the case of a taxpayer described in subparagraph (C) or (D) of paragraph (1).”

Subsec. (d)(4). Pub. L. 112–240, § 104(b)(1), added par. (4).

2010—Subsec. (d)(1)(A). Pub. L. 111–312, § 201(a)(1), substituted “$72,450 in the case of taxable years beginning in 2010 and $74,450 in the case of taxable years beginning in 2011” for “$70,950 in the case of taxable years beginning in 2009”.

Subsec. (d)(1)(B). Pub. L. 111–312, § 201(a)(2), substituted “$47,450 in the case of taxable years beginning in 2010 and $48,450 in the case of taxable years beginning in 2011” for “$46,700 in the case of taxable years beginning in 2009”.

Subsec. (e)(5). Pub. L. 111–240 substituted “38(c)(6)(B)” for “38(c)(3)(B)”.

2009—Subsec. (c)(3). Pub. L. 111–5, § 1144(b)(3), struck out “30B(g)(2),” after “sections 26(a),”.

Pub. L. 111–5, § 1142(b)(5), struck out “30(b)(3),” after “sections 26(a),”.

Subsec. (d)(1)(A). Pub. L. 111–5, § 1012(a)(1), substituted “($70,950 in the case of taxable years beginning in 2009)” for “($69,950 in the case of taxable years beginning in 2008)”.

Subsec. (d)(1)(B). Pub. L. 111–5, § 1012(a)(2), substituted “($46,700 in the case of taxable years beginning in 2009)” for “($46,200 in the case of taxable years beginning in 2008)”.

2008—Subsec. (b)(4). Pub. L. 110–246, § 15311(b), added par. (4).

Subsec. (d)(1)(A). Pub. L. 110–343, § 102(a)(1), substituted “($69,950 in the case of taxable years beginning in 2008)” for “($66,250 in the case of taxable years beginning in 2007)”.

Subsec. (d)(1)(B). Pub. L. 110–343, § 102(a)(2), substituted “($46,200 in the case of taxable years beginning in 2008)” for “($44,350 in the case of taxable years beginning in 2007)”.

2007—Subsec. (d)(1)(A). Pub. L. 110–166, § 2(a)(1), substituted “($66,250 in the case of taxable years beginning in 2007)” for “($62,550 in the case of taxable years beginning in 2006)”.

Subsec. (d)(1)(B). Pub. L. 110–166, § 2(a)(2), substituted “($44,350 in the case of taxable years beginning in 2007)” for “($42,500 in the case of taxable years beginning in 2006)”.

2006—Subsec. (d)(1)(A). Pub. L. 109–222, § 301(a)(1), substituted “$62,550 in the case of taxable years beginning in 2006” for “$58,000 in the case of taxable years beginning in 2003, 2004, and 2005”.

Subsec. (d)(1)(B). Pub. L. 109–222, § 301(a)(2), substituted “$42,500 in the case of taxable years beginning in 2006” for “$40,250 in the case of taxable years beginning in 2003, 2004, and 2005”.

2005—Subsec. (c)(1). Pub. L. 109–58, § 1302(b), which directed amendment of par. (1) by inserting “45(e)(11)(C),” after “section” in last sentence, was executed by making the insertion after “section” the first place it appeared in last sentence, to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

Subsec. (c)(2). Pub. L. 109–135, § 403(h), substituted “regular tax liability” for “regular tax”.

Pub. L. 109–58, § 1342(b)(3), which directed amendment of par. (2) by inserting “30C(d)(2),” after “30B(g)(2),”, was repealed by Pub. L. 109–135, § 412(p)(3).

Pub. L. 109–58, § 1341(b)(3), which directed amendment of par. (2) by inserting “30B(g)(2),” after “30(b)(2),”, was repealed by Pub. L. 109–135, § 412(p)(2).

Subsec. (c)(3). Pub. L. 109–135, § 412(p)(1), inserted “30B(g)(2), 30C(d)(2),” after “30(b)(3),”.

Pub. L. 109–58, § 1322(a)(3)(H), struck out “29(b)(6),” after “26(a),”.

2004—Subsec. (b)(3)(B). Pub. L. 108–311, § 406(d), substituted “an amount equal to the excess described in” for “the amount on which a tax is determined under”.

Subsec. (c)(2), (3). Pub. L. 108–357 added par. (2) and redesignated former par. (2) as (3).

Subsec. (d)(1)(A), (B). Pub. L. 108–311, § 103(a), substituted “2003, 2004, and 2005” for “2003 and 2004”.

2003—Subsec. (b)(3). Pub. L. 108–27, § 301(b)(2), struck out first sentence of concluding provisions which read as follows: “In the case of taxable years beginning after December 31, 2000, rules similar to the rules of section 1(h)(2) shall apply for purposes of subparagraphs (B) and (C).”

Subsec. (b)(3)(B). Pub. L. 108–27, § 301(a)(1), substituted “5 percent (0 percent in the case of taxable years beginning after 2007)” for “10 percent”.

Subsec. (b)(3)(C). Pub. L. 108–27, § 301(a)(2)(B), substituted “15 percent” for “20 percent”.

Subsec. (d)(1)(A). Pub. L. 108–27, § 106(a)(1), substituted “$58,000 in the case of taxable years beginning in 2003 and 2004” for “$49,000 in the case of taxable years beginning in 2001, 2002, 2003, and 2004”.

Subsec. (d)(1)(B). Pub. L. 108–27, § 106(a)(2), substituted “$40,250 in the case of taxable years beginning in 2003 and 2004” for “$35,750 in the case of taxable years beginning in 2001, 2002, 2003, and 2004”.

2001—Subsec. (d)(1)(A). Pub. L. 107–16, § 701(a)(1), substituted “$45,000 ($49,000 in the case of taxable years beginning in 2001, 2002, 2003, and 2004)” for “$45,000”.

Subsec. (d)(1)(B). Pub. L. 107–16, § 701(b)(1), struck out “and” at end.

Pub. L. 107–16, § 701(a)(2), substituted “$33,750 ($35,750 in the case of taxable years beginning in 2001, 2002, 2003, and 2004)” for “$33,750”.

Subsec. (d)(1)(C), (D). Pub. L. 107–16, § 701(b)(1), added subpars. (C) and (D) and struck out former subpar. (C) which read as follows: “$22,500 in the case of—

“(i) a married individual who files a separate return, or

“(ii) an estate or trust.”

Subsec. (d)(3). Pub. L. 107–16, § 701(b)(3), in concluding provisions, substituted “paragraph (1)(C)” for “paragraph (1)(C)(i)” and “the minimum amount of such income (as so determined) for which the exemption amount under paragraph (1)(C) is zero, or (ii) such exemption amount (determined without regard to this paragraph)” for “$165,000 or (ii) $22,500”.

Subsec. (d)(3)(C). Pub. L. 107–16, § 701(b)(2), substituted “subparagraph (C) or (D) of paragraph (1)” for “paragraph (1)(C)”.

1998—Subsec. (b)(3). Pub. L. 105–206, § 6005(d)(2), reenacted par. heading without change and amended text of par. (3) generally. Prior to amendment, text read as follows: “The amount determined under the first sentence of paragraph (1)(A)(i) shall not exceed the sum of—

“(A) the amount determined under such first sentence computed at the rates and in the same manner as if this paragraph had not been enacted on the taxable excess reduced by the lesser of—

“(i) the net capital gain, or

“(ii) the sum of—

“(I) the adjusted net capital gain, plus

“(II) the unrecaptured section 1250 gain, plus

“(B) 25 percent of the lesser of—

“(i) the unrecaptured section 1250 gain, or

“(ii) the amount of taxable excess in excess of the sum of—

“(I) the adjusted net capital gain, plus

“(II) the amount on which a tax is determined under subparagraph (A), plus

“(C) 10 percent of so much of the taxpayer’s adjusted net capital gain (or, if less, taxable excess) as does not exceed the amount on which a tax is determined under section 1(h)(1)(D), plus

“(D) 20 percent of the taxpayer’s adjusted net capital gain (or, if less, taxable excess) in excess of the amount on which tax is determined under subparagraph (C).

In the case of taxable years beginning after December 31, 2000, rules similar to the rules of section 1(h)(2) shall apply for purposes of subparagraphs (C) and (D). Terms used in this paragraph which are also used in section 1(h) shall have the respective meanings given such terms by section 1(h).”

Subsec. (e)(1). Pub. L. 105–206, § 6006(a), reenacted par. heading without change and amended text of par. (1) generally. Prior to amendment, text read as follows: “The tentative minimum tax of a corporation shall be zero for any taxable year if—

“(A) such corporation met the $5,000,000 gross receipts test of section 448(c) for its first taxable year beginning after December 31, 1996, and

“(B) such corporation would meet such test for the taxable year and all prior taxable years beginning after such first taxable year if such test were applied by substituting ‘$7,500,000’ for ‘$5,000,000’.”

1997—Subsec. (b)(1)(A)(ii). Pub. L. 105–34, § 311(b)(2)(A), substituted “this subsection” for “clause (i)”.

Subsec. (b)(3). Pub. L. 105–34, § 311(b)(1), added par. (3).

Subsec. (c)(1). Pub. L. 105–34, § 1601(f)(1)(C), substituted “Puerto Rico” for “Puerto Rican”.

Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 105–34, § 401(a), added subsec. (e).

1996—Subsec. (c)(1). Pub. L. 104–188, § 1601(b)(2)(A), substituted “, the section 936 credit allowable under section 27(b), and the Puerto Rican economic activity credit under section 30A” for “and the section 936 credit allowable under section 27(b)”.

Pub. L. 104–188, § 1401(b)(3), struck out “shall not include any tax imposed by section 402(d) and” before “shall not include any increase in tax under section 49(b)”.

Subsec. (c)(2). Pub. L. 104–188, § 1205(d)(6), struck out “28(d)(2),” after “26(a),”.

1993—Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 103–66, § 13203(a), amended heading and text of par. (1) generally. Prior to amendment, text read as follows: “The tentative minimum tax for the taxable year is—

“(A) 20 percent (24 percent in the case of a taxpayer other than a corporation) of so much of the alternative minimum taxable income for the taxable year as exceeds the exemption amount, reduced by

“(B) the alternative minimum tax foreign tax credit for the taxable year.”

Subsec. (d)(1). Pub. L. 103–66, § 13203(b), substituted “$45,000” for “$40,000” in subpar. (A), “$33,750” for “$30,000” in subpar. (B), and “$22,500” for “$20,000” in subpar. (C).

Subsec. (d)(3). Pub. L. 103–66, § 13203(c)(1), substituted “$165,000 or (ii) $22,500” for “$155,000 or (ii) $20,000” in last sentence.

1992—Subsec. (c)(1). Pub. L. 102–318 substituted “402(d)” for “402(e)”.

Subsec. (c)(2). Pub. L. 102–486 substituted “29(b)(6), 30(b)(3),” for “29(b)(5),”.

1990—Subsec. (b)(1)(A). Pub. L. 101–508, § 11102(a), substituted “24 percent” for “21 percent”.

Subsec. (c)(1). Pub. L. 101–508, § 11813(b)(5), substituted “section 49(b) or 50(a)” for “section 47”.

1988—Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 100–647, § 1007(a)(2), inserted at end “If a taxpayer is subject to the regular tax, such taxpayer shall be subject to the tax imposed by this section (and, if the regular tax is determined by reference to an amount other than taxable income, such amount shall be treated as the taxable income of such taxpayer for purposes of the preceding sentence).”

Subsec. (c)(1). Pub. L. 100–647, § 1007(a)(1), inserted “and the section 936 credit allowable under section 27(b)” before period at end of first sentence.

Pub. L. 100–647, § 1002(l)(27), substituted “subsection (j) or (k) of section 42” for “section 42(j)”.

Subsec. (d)(3). Pub. L. 100–647, § 1007(a)(3), inserted at end “In the case of a taxpayer described in paragraph (1)(C)(i), alternative minimum taxable income shall be increased by the lesser of (i) 25 percent of the excess of alternative minimum taxable income (determined without regard to this sentence) over $155,000, or (ii) $20,000.”

1986—Subsec. (c)(1). Pub. L. 99–514, § 252(c), inserted “or section 42(j)”.

Amendment by Pub. L. 117–169 applicable to taxable years beginning after Dec. 31, 2022, see section 10101(f) of Pub. L. 117–169, set out as a note under section 11 of this title.

Amendment by Pub. L. 116–94 applicable to taxable years beginning after Dec. 31, 2017, see section 501(c)(2) of Pub. L. 116–94, set out in a note under section 1 of this title.

Amendment by section 11002(d)(1)(I) of Pub. L. 115–97 applicable to taxable years beginning after Dec. 31, 2017, see section 11002(e) of Pub. L. 115–97, set out as a note under section 1 of this title.

Amendment by section 12001(a), (b)(3)(A), (B), (4)–(6) of Pub. L. 115–97 applicable to taxable years beginning after Dec. 31, 2017, see section 12001(c) of Pub. L. 115–97, set out as a note under section 11 of this title.

Pub. L. 115–97, title I, § 12003(b), Dec. 22, 2017, 131 Stat. 2096, provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending this section] shall apply to taxable years beginning after December 31, 2017.”

Pub. L. 114–113, div. Q, title III, § 334(c), Dec. 18, 2015, 129 Stat. 3109, provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending this section and section 1201 of this title] shall apply to taxable years beginning after December 31, 2015.”

Pub. L. 113–295, div. A, title II, § 202(f), Dec. 19, 2014, 128 Stat. 4024, provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending this section and sections 168, 642, 911, and 6431 of this title] shall take effect as if included in the provision of the American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012 [Pub. L. 112–240] to which they relate.”

Amendment by section 102(b)(2), (c)(2) of Pub. L. 112–240 applicable to taxable years beginning after Dec. 31, 2012, see section 102(d)(1) of Pub. L. 112–240, set out as a note under section 1 of this title.

Amendment by section 104(a), (b), (c)(2)(J) of Pub. L. 112–240 applicable to taxable years beginning after Dec. 31, 2011, see section 104(d) of Pub. L. 112–240, set out as a note under section 23 of this title.

Pub. L. 111–312, title II, § 201(b), Dec. 17, 2010, 124 Stat. 3299, provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending this section] shall apply to taxable years beginning after December 31, 2009.”

Pub. L. 111–5, div. B, title I, § 1012(b), Feb. 17, 2009, 123 Stat. 319, provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending this section] shall apply to taxable years beginning after December 31, 2008.”

Amendment by section 1142(b)(5) of Pub. L. 111–5 applicable to vehicles acquired after Feb. 17, 2009, see section 1142(c) of Pub. L. 111–5, set out as an Effective and Termination Dates of 2009 Amendment note under section 24 of this title.

Amendment by section 1144(b)(3) of Pub. L. 111–5 applicable to taxable years beginning after Dec. 31, 2008, see section 1144(c) of Pub. L. 111–5, set out as an Effective and Termination Dates of 2009 Amendment note under section 24 of this title.

Pub. L. 110–343, div. C, title I, § 102(b), Oct. 3, 2008, 122 Stat. 3863, provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending this section] shall apply to taxable years beginning after December 31, 2007.”

Amendment of this section and repeal of Pub. L. 110–234 by Pub. L. 110–246 effective May 22, 2008, the date of enactment of Pub. L. 110–234, except as otherwise provided, see section 4 of Pub. L. 110–246, set out as an Effective Date note under section 8701 of Title 7, Agriculture.

Pub. L. 110–234, title XV, § 15311(d), May 22, 2008, 122 Stat. 1503, and Pub. L. 110–246, § 4(a), title XV, § 15311(d), June 18, 2008, 122 Stat. 1664, 2265, provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending this section and sections 857 and 1201 of this title] shall apply to taxable years ending after the date of enactment [June 18, 2008].”

[Pub. L. 110–234 and Pub. L. 110–246 enacted identical provisions. Pub. L. 110–234 was repealed by section 4(a) of Pub. L. 110–246, set out as a note under section 8701 of Title 7, Agriculture.]

Pub. L. 110–166, § 2(b), Dec. 26, 2007, 121 Stat. 2461, provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending this section] shall apply to taxable years beginning after December 31, 2006.”

Pub. L. 109–222, title III, § 301(b), May 17, 2006, 120 Stat. 353, provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending this section] shall apply to taxable years beginning after December 31, 2005.”

Amendment by section 403(h) of Pub. L. 109–135 effective as if included in the provision of the American Jobs Creation Act of 2004, Pub. L. 108–357, to which such amendment relates, see section 403(nn) of Pub. L. 109–135, set out as a note under section 26 of this title.

Amendment by section 1302(b) of Pub. L. 109–58 applicable to taxable years of cooperative organizations ending after Aug. 8, 2005, see section 1302(c) of Pub. L. 109–58, set out as a note under section 45 of this title.

Amendment by section 1322(a)(3)(H) of Pub. L. 109–58 applicable to credits determined under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 for taxable years ending after Dec. 31, 2005, see section 1322(c)(1) of Pub. L. 109–58, set out as a note under section 45K of this title.

Amendment by section 1342(b)(3) of Pub. L. 109–58 applicable to property placed in service after Dec. 31, 2005, in taxable years ending after such date, see section 1342(c) of Pub. L. 109–58, set out as an Effective Date note under section 30C of this title.

Amendment by section 1341(b)(3) of Pub. L. 109–58 applicable to property placed in service after Dec. 31, 2005, in taxable years ending after such date, see section 1341(c) of Pub. L. 109–58, set out as an Effective Date note under section 30B of this title.

Pub. L. 108–357, title III, § 314(c), Oct. 22, 2004, 118 Stat. 1469, provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending this section and section 1301 of this title] shall apply to taxable years beginning after December 31, 2003.”

Pub. L. 108–311, title I, § 103(b), Oct. 4, 2004, 118 Stat. 1168, provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending this section] shall apply to taxable years beginning after December 31, 2004.”

Amendment by section 103(a) of Pub. L. 108–311 subject to title IX of the Economic Growth and Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2001, Pub. L. 107–16, § 901, to the same extent and in the same manner as the provision of such Act to which such amendment relates, see section 105 of Pub. L. 108–311, set out as a note under section 1 of this title. Title IX of Pub. L. 107–16 was repealed by Pub. L. 112–240, title I, § 101(a)(1), Jan. 2, 2013, 126 Stat. 2315.

Pub. L. 108–311, title IV, § 406(h), Oct. 4, 2004, 118 Stat. 1190, provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending this section and sections 246, 529, 530, 901, 1259, and 1397E of this title] shall take effect as if included in the provisions of the Taxpayer Relief Act of 1997 [Pub. L. 105–34] to which they relate.”

Pub. L. 108–27, title I, § 106(b), May 28, 2003, 117 Stat. 755, provided that: “The amendments made by subsection (a) [amending this section] shall apply to taxable years beginning after December 31, 2002.”

Amendment by section 106(a) of Pub. L. 108–27 subject to title IX of the Economic Growth and Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2001, Pub. L. 107–16, § 901, to the same extent and in the same manner as the provision of such Act to which such amendment relates, see section 107 of Pub. L. 108–27, set out as a note under section 1 of this title. Title IX of Pub. L. 107–16 was repealed by Pub. L. 112–240, title I, § 101(a)(1), Jan. 2, 2013, 126 Stat. 2315.

Amendment by section 301(a)(1), (2)(B), (b)(2) of Pub. L. 108–27 applicable to taxable years ending on or after May 6, 2003, see section 301(d) of Pub. L. 108–27, set out as a note under section 1 of this title.

Pub. L. 107–16, title VII, § 701(c), June 7, 2001, 115 Stat. 148, provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending this section] shall apply to taxable years beginning after December 31, 2000.”

Amendment by Pub. L. 105–206 effective, except as otherwise provided, as if included in the provisions of the Taxpayer Relief Act of 1997, Pub. L. 105–34, to which such amendment relates, see section 6024 of Pub. L. 105–206, set out as a note under section 1 of this title.

Amendment by section 311(b)(1), (2)(A) of Pub. L. 105–34 applicable to taxable years ending after May 6, 1997, see section 311(d) of Pub. L. 105–34, set out as a note under section 1 of this title.

Pub. L. 105–34, title IV, § 401(b), Aug. 5, 1997, 111 Stat. 844, provided that: “The amendment made by this section [amending this section] shall apply to taxable years beginning after December 31, 1997.”

Amendment by section 1601(f)(1)(C) of Pub. L. 105–34 effective as if included in the provisions of the Small Business Job Protection Act of 1996, Pub. L. 104–188, to which it relates, see section 1601(j) of Pub. L. 105–34, set out as a note under section 23 of this title.

Amendment by section 1205(d)(6) of Pub. L. 104–188 applicable to amounts paid or incurred in taxable years ending after June 30, 1996, see section 1205(e) of Pub. L. 104–188, set out as a note under section 45K of this title.

Amendment by section 1401(b)(3) of Pub. L. 104–188 applicable to taxable years beginning after Dec. 31, 1999, with retention of certain transition rules, see section 1401(c) of Pub. L. 104–188, set out as a note under section 402 of this title.

Pub. L. 104–188, title I, § 1601(c), Aug. 20, 1996, 110 Stat. 1833, provided that:

Pub. L. 103–66, title XIII, § 13203(d), Aug. 10, 1993, 107 Stat. 462, provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending this section and section 897 of this title] shall apply to taxable years beginning after December 31, 1992.”

Amendment by Pub. L. 102–486 applicable to property placed in service after June 30, 1993, see section 1913(c) of Pub. L. 102–486, set out as a note under section 53 of this title.

Amendment by Pub. L. 102–318 applicable to distributions after Dec. 31, 1992, see section 521(e) of Pub. L. 102–318, set out as a note under section 402 of this title.

Pub. L. 101–508, title XI, § 11102(b), Nov. 5, 1990, 104 Stat. 1388–406, provided that: “The amendment made by subsection (a) [amending this section] shall apply to taxable years beginning after December 31, 1990.”

Amendment by section 11813(b)(5) of Pub. L. 101–508 applicable to property placed in service after Dec. 31, 1990, but not applicable to any transition property (as defined in section 49(e) of this title), any property with respect to which qualified progress expenditures were previously taken into account under section 46(d) of this title, and any property described in section 46(b)(2)(C) of this title, as such sections were in effect on Nov. 4, 1990, see section 11813(c) of Pub. L. 101–508, set out as a note under section 45K of this title.

Amendment by section 1002(l)(27) of Pub. L. 100–647 effective, except as otherwise provided, as if included in the provision of the Tax Reform Act of 1986, Pub. L. 99–514, to which such amendment relates, see section 1019(a) of Pub. L. 100–647, set out as a note under section 1 of this title.

Pub. L. 100–647, title I, § 1007(a)(3), Nov. 10, 1988, 102 Stat. 3428, provided that the amendment made by that section is effective with respect to taxable years ending after Nov. 10, 1988.

Amendment by Pub. L. 99–514 applicable to buildings placed in service after Dec. 31, 1986, in taxable years ending after such date, see section 252(e) of Pub. L. 99–514, set out as an Effective Date note under section 42 of this title.

Pub. L. 99–514, title VII, § 701(f), Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2343, as amended by Pub. L. 100–647, title I, § 1007(f)(2), (3), Nov. 10, 1988, 102 Stat. 3433, provided that:

For provisions that nothing in amendment by section 11813(b)(5) of Pub. L. 101–508 be construed to affect treatment of certain transactions occurring, property acquired, or items of income, loss, deduction, or credit taken into account prior to Nov. 5, 1990, for purposes of determining liability for tax for periods ending after Nov. 5, 1990, see section 11821(b) of Pub. L. 101–508, set out as a note under section 45K of this title.

Pub. L. 100–647, title I, § 1007(f)(1), Nov. 10, 1988, 102 Stat. 3433, provided that: “In the case of the taxable year of an estate or trust which begins before January 1, 1987, and ends on or after such date, the items of tax preference apportioned to any beneficiary of such estate or trust under section 58(c) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1954 (as in effect on the day before the date of the enactment of the Tax Reform Act of 1986 [Oct. 22, 1986]) shall be taken into account for purposes of determining the amount of the tax imposed by section 55 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (as amended by the Tax Reform Act of 1986 [Pub. L. 99–514]) on such beneficiary for such beneficiary’s taxable year in which such taxable year of the estate or trust ends.”

For provisions directing that if any amendments made by subtitle D [§§ 1401–1465] of title I of Pub. L. 104–188 require an amendment to any plan or annuity contract, such amendment shall not be required to be made before the first day of the first plan year beginning on or after Jan. 1, 1998, see section 1465 of Pub. L. 104–188, set out as a note under section 401 of this title.

For provisions directing that if any amendments made by subtitle B [§§ 521–523] of title V of Pub. L. 102–318 require an amendment to any plan, such plan amendment shall not be required to be made before the first plan year beginning on or after Jan. 1, 1994, see section 523 of Pub. L. 102–318, set out as a note under section 401 of this title.

For applicability of amendment by section 701(a) of Pub. L. 99–514 [enacting this section] notwithstanding any treaty obligation of the United States in effect on Oct. 22, 1986, with provision that for such purposes any amendment by title I of Pub. L. 100–647 be treated as if it had been included in the provision of Pub. L. 99–514 to which such amendment relates, see section 1012(aa)(2), (4) of Pub. L. 100–647, set out as a note under section 861 of this title.

Pub. L. 94–455, title XXI, § 2123, Oct. 4, 1976, 90 Stat. 1915, as amended by Pub. L. 98–369, div. A, title IV, § 441(b)(1), July 18, 1984, 98 Stat. 815, provided that: “The Secretary of the Treasury shall publish annually information on the amount of tax paid by individual taxpayers with high total incomes. Total income for this purpose is to be calculated and set forth by adding to adjusted gross income any items of tax preference excluded from, or deducted in arriving at, adjusted gross income, and by subtracting any investment expenses incurred in the production of such income to the extent of the investment income. These data are to include the number of such individuals with total income over $200,000 who owe no Federal income tax (after credits) and the deductions, exclusions, or credits used by them to avoid tax.”

[Pub. L. 98–369, div. A, title IV, § 441(b)(2), July 18, 1984, 98 Stat. 815, provided that: “The amendment made by paragraph (1) [amending section 2123 of Pub. L. 94–455, set out above] shall apply to information published after the date of the enactment of this Act [July 18, 1984].”]