§ 1003.
(a)
In general
Except as provided in subsection (b) or (c) and in sections 1051, 1081, and 1101 of this title, this subchapter shall apply to any employee benefit plan if it is established or maintained—
(1)
by any employer engaged in commerce or in any industry or activity affecting commerce; or
(2)
by any employee organization or organizations representing employees engaged in commerce or in any industry or activity affecting commerce; or
(b)
Exceptions for certain plans
The provisions of this subchapter shall not apply to any employee benefit plan if—
(3)
such plan is maintained solely for the purpose of complying with applicable workmen’s compensation laws or unemployment compensation or disability insurance laws;
(4)
such plan is maintained outside of the United States primarily for the benefit of persons substantially all of whom are nonresident aliens; or
([Pub. L. 93–406, title I, § 4], Sept. 2, 1974, [88 Stat. 839]; [Pub. L. 101–239, title VII, § 7891(a)(1)], Dec. 19, 1989, [103 Stat. 2445]; [Pub. L. 104–191, title I, § 101(d)], Aug. 21, 1996, [110 Stat. 1952]; [Pub. L. 104–204, title VI, § 603(b)(3)(A)], Sept. 26, 1996, [110 Stat. 2938]; [Pub. L. 107–16, title VI, § 602(b)], June 7, 2001, [115 Stat. 96]; [Pub. L. 107–147, title IV, § 411(i)(2)], Mar. 9, 2002, [116 Stat. 47].)