This subchapter, referred to in text, was in the original “this title”, meaning title IV of Pub. L. 103–322,
The Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act, referred to in subsec. (a)(2), (22), (43)(B), is Pub. L. 92–203,
The Native American Housing Assistance and Self-Determination Act of 1996, referred to in subsec. (a)(20), is Pub. L. 104–330,
The Public Health Service Act, referred to in subsec. (a)(39), is act July 1, 1944, ch. 373, 58 Stat. 682, which is classified generally to chapter 6A (§ 201 et seq.) of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 201 of Title 42 and Tables.
This Act, referred to in subsec. (b)(1), (2)(F), (15), is Pub. L. 103–322,
The Violence Against Women Act of 1994, referred to in subsec. (b)(13)(A), is title IV of Pub. L. 103–322,
The Violence Against Women Act of 2000, referred to in subsec. (b)(13)(A), is div. B of Pub. L. 106–386,
The Violence Against Women and Department of Justice Reauthorization Act of 2005, referred to in subsec. (b)(13)(A), is Pub. L. 109–162,
The Violence Against Women Reauthorization Act of 2013, referred to in subsec. (b)(13)(A), is Pub. L. 113–4,
Section 10228 of this title, referred to in subsec. (b)(13)(C), was in the original a reference to “section 3789d of title 42, United States Code” but probably should have been a reference to section 809 of Pub. L. 90–351, which was formerly classified to section 3789d of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification as section 10228 of this title.
The date of the enactment of this Act, referred to in subsec. (b)(15)(A)(i), (D), probably means the date of enactment of Pub. L. 113–4, which enacted subsec. (b)(16) [now (b)(15)] of this section and was approved
Section was formerly classified to section 13925 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section. Some section numbers or references in amendment notes below reflect the classification of such sections or references prior to editorial reclassification.
2022—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 117–103, § 2(a)(1)(A), substituted “In this subchapter, for the purpose of grants authorized under this subchapter” for “In this subchapter” in introductory provisions.
Subsec. (a)(1), (2). Pub. L. 117–103, § 2(a)(1)(N), (O), added par. (1) and redesignated former par. (1) as (2). Former par. (2) redesignated (7).
Subsec. (a)(4), (5). Pub. L. 117–103, § 2(a)(1)(M), redesignated pars. (4) and (5) as (5) and (4), respectively, and transferred par. (4) to appear after par. (3).
Subsec. (a)(6). Pub. L. 117–103, § 2(a)(1)(P), added par. (6). Former par. (6) redesignated (8).
Subsec. (a)(7). Pub. L. 117–103, § 2(a)(1)(L), redesignated par. (2) as (7) and transferred it to appear before par. (8). Former par. (7) redesignated (9).
Subsec. (a)(8), (9). Pub. L. 117–103, § 2(a)(1)(K), redesignated pars. (6) and (7) as (8) and (9), respectively. Former pars. (8) and (9) redesignated (12) and (10), respectively.
Subsec. (a)(10), (11). Pub. L. 117–103, § 2(a)(1)(I), redesignated pars. (9) and (10) as (10) and (11), respectively. Former par. (11) redesignated (14).
Subsec. (a)(12). Pub. L. 117–103, § 2(a)(1)(Q), substituted “includes felony or misdemeanor crimes committed by a current or former spouse or intimate partner of the victim under the family or domestic violence laws of the jurisdiction receiving grant funding and, in the case of victim services, includes the use or attempted use of physical abuse or sexual abuse, or a pattern of any other coercive behavior committed, enabled, or solicited to gain or maintain power and control over a victim, including verbal, psychological, economic, or technological abuse that may or may not constitute criminal behavior, by a person who—” and subpars. (A) to (D) for “includes felony or misdemeanor crimes of violence committed by a current or former spouse or intimate partner of the victim, by a person with whom the victim shares a child in common, by a person who is cohabitating with or has cohabitated with the victim as a spouse or intimate partner, by a person similarly situated to a spouse of the victim under the domestic or family violence laws of the jurisdiction receiving grant monies, or by any other person against an adult or youth victim who is protected from that person’s acts under the domestic or family violence laws of the jurisdiction.”
Pub. L. 117–103, § 2(a)(1)(J), redesignated par. (8) as (12) and transferred it to appear after par. (11). Former par. (12) redesignated (17).
Subsec. (a)(13) to (16). Pub. L. 117–103, § 2(a)(1)(H), (R), (S), added pars. (13), (15) and (16) and redesignated par. (11) as (14). Former pars. (13) to (16) redesignated (18) to (20) and (22), respectively.
Subsec. (a)(17). Pub. L. 117–103, § 2(a)(1)(T), added par. (17) and struck out former par. (17). Prior to amendment, text read as follows: “The term ‘homeless’ has the meaning provided in section 12473(6) of this title.”
Pub. L. 117–103, § 2(a)(1)(G), redesignated par. (12) as (17). Former par. (17) redesignated (21).
Subsec. (a)(18) to (21). Pub. L. 117–103, § 2(a)(1)(F), (G), redesignated pars. (13) to (15) and (17) as (18) to (21), respectively. Former pars. (18) to (21) redesignated (23) to (26), respectively.
Subsec. (a)(22). Pub. L. 117–103, § 2(a)(1)(U), inserted “; Indian Tribe” after “tribe” in heading and substituted “terms ‘Indian tribe’ and ‘Indian Tribe’ mean” for “term ‘Indian tribe’ means” in text.
Pub. L. 117–103, § 2(a)(1)(F), redesignated par. (16) as (22) and transferred it to appear before par. (23). Former par. (22) redesignated (27).
Subsec. (a)(23). Pub. L. 117–103, § 2(a)(1)(E), redesignated par. (18) as (23). Former par. (23) redesignated (28).
Subsec. (a)(24). Pub. L. 117–103, § 2(a)(1)(V), added par. (24) and struck out former par. (24). Prior to amendment, text read as follows: “The term ‘legal assistance’ includes assistance to adult and youth victims of domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, and stalking in—
“(A) family, tribal, territorial, immigration, employment, administrative agency, housing matters, campus administrative or protection or stay away order proceedings, and other similar matters; and
“(B) criminal justice investigations, prosecutions and post-trial matters (including sentencing, parole, and probation) that impact the victim’s safety and privacy.
“Intake or referral, by itself, does not constitute legal assistance.”
Pub. L. 117–103, § 2(a)(1)(E), redesignated par. (19) as (24). Former par. (24) redesignated (29).
Subsec. (a)(25) to (30). Pub. L. 117–103, § 2(a)(1)(E), redesignated pars. (20) to (25) as (25) to (30), respectively. Former pars. (26) to (30) redesignated (32) to (36), respectively.
Subsec. (a)(31). Pub. L. 117–103, § 2(a)(1)(W), added par. (31). Former par. (31) redesignated (37).
Subsec. (a)(32) to (39). Pub. L. 117–103, § 2(a)(1)(D), redesignated pars. (26) to (33) as (32) to (39), respectively. Former pars. (34) to (39) redesignated (41) to (46), respectively.
Subsec. (a)(40). Pub. L. 117–103, § 2(a)(1)(X), added par. (40). Former par. (40) redesignated (47).
Subsec. (a)(41), (42). Pub. L. 117–103, § 2(a)(1)(C), redesignated pars. (34) and (35) as (41) and (42), respectively. Former pars. (41) and (42) redesignated (48) and (49), respectively.
Subsec. (a)(42)(A). Pub. L. 117–315, § 2(b)(1), inserted “, Native Hawaiian organizations, or the Native Hawaiian community” after “Indian service providers”, “, organizations, or communities” after “member providers”, and “or Native Hawaiian” after “designed to assist Indian”.
Subsec. (a)(42)(B)(i). Pub. L. 117–315, § 2(b)(2)(A), inserted “, organizations, or communities” after “member service providers”.
Subsec. (a)(42)(B)(ii). Pub. L. 117–315, § 2(b)(2)(B), inserted “or Native Hawaiian communities” after “tribal communities”.
Subsec. (a)(43) to (49). Pub. L. 117–103, § 2(a)(1)(C), redesignated pars. (36) to (42) as (43) to (49), respectively. Former pars. (43) to (45) redesignated (50) to (52), respectively.
Subsec. (a)(50). Pub. L. 117–103, § 2(a)(1)(B), redesignated par. (43) as (50).
Subsec. (a)(51). Pub. L. 117–103, § 2(a)(1)(Y), inserted “legal assistance and” before “legal advocacy”.
Pub. L. 117–103, § 2(a)(1)(B), redesignated par. (44) as (51).
Subsec. (a)(52). Pub. L. 117–103, § 2(a)(1)(B), redesignated par. (45) as (52).
Subsec. (b)(2)(H). Pub. L. 117–103, § 2(a)(2)(A), added subpar. (H).
Subsec. (b)(3). Pub. L. 117–103, § 2(a)(2)(B), substituted “if—” and subpars. (A) and (B) for period at end.
Subsec. (b)(11). Pub. L. 117–103, § 2(a)(2)(C), designated existing provisions as subpar. (A), inserted heading and added subpar. (B).
Subsec. (b)(14). Pub. L. 117–103, § 2(a)(2)(D), substituted “to—” for “to”, inserted subpar. (A) designation before “victims of domestic violence”, and added subpars. (B) and (C).
Subsec. (b)(15). Pub. L. 117–103, § 2(a)(2)(E), (F), redesignated par. (16) as (15) and struck out former par. (15) which related to establishment of biennial conferral process.
Subsec. (b)(15)(A)(iii). Pub. L. 117–103, § 2(a)(2)(G)(i), added cl. (iii) and struck out former cl. (iii). Prior to amendment, text read as follows: “A recipient of grant funds under this Act that is found to have an unresolved audit finding shall not be eligible to receive grant funds under this Act during the following 2 fiscal years.”
Subsec. (b)(15)(C)(i). Pub. L. 117–103, § 2(a)(2)(G)(ii), substituted “$100,000” for “$20,000” and, which directed the insertion of “the Director or Principal Deputy Director of the Office on Violence Against Women or” before “the Deputy Attorney General”, was executed by making the insertion before “the Deputy Attorney General or”, to reflect the probable intent of Congress.
Subsec. (b)(16). Pub. L. 117–103, § 2(a)(2)(H), added par. (16). Former par. (16) redesignated (15).
2013—Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 113–4, § 3(a)(3), added par. (1). Former par. (1) redesignated (2).
Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 113–4, § 3(a)(2)(H), redesignated par. (1) as (2). Former par. (2) redesignated (3).
Subsec. (a)(3). Pub. L. 113–4, § 3(a)(4), substituted “serious harm to an unemancipated minor.” for “serious harm.”
Pub. L. 113–4, § 3(a)(2)(H), redesignated par. (2) as (3). Former par. (3) redesignated (4).
Subsec. (a)(4). Pub. L. 113–4, § 3(a)(5), substituted “The term ‘community-based organization’ means a nonprofit, nongovernmental, or tribal organization that serves a specific geographic community that—” for “The term ‘community-based organization’ means an organization that—” in introductory provisions.
Pub. L. 113–4, § 3(a)(2)(H), redesignated par. (3) as (4). Former par. (4) redesignated (5).
Subsec. (a)(5). Pub. L. 113–4, § 3(a)(2)(H), redesignated par. (4) as (5).
Pub. L. 113–4, § 3(a)(1), struck out par. (5), which defined “court-based” and “court-related personnel”.
Subsec. (a)(6), (7). Pub. L. 113–4, § 3(a)(6), added pars. (6) and (7). Former pars. (6) and (7) redesignated (8) and (9), respectively.
Subsec. (a)(8). Pub. L. 113–4, § 3(a)(7), inserted “or intimate partner” after “former spouse” and after “as a spouse”.
Pub. L. 113–4, § 3(a)(2)(G), redesignated par. (6) as (8). Former par. (8) redesignated (10).
Subsec. (a)(9) to (11). Pub. L. 113–4, § 3(a)(2)(G), redesignated pars. (7) to (9) as (9) to (11), respectively. Former pars. (10) and (11) redesignated (13) and (14), respectively.
Subsec. (a)(12). Pub. L. 113–4, § 3(a)(8), added par. (12). Former par. (12) redesignated (15).
Subsec. (a)(13) to (16). Pub. L. 113–4, § 3(a)(2)(F), redesignated pars. (10) to (13) as (13) to (16), respectively. Former pars. (14) to (16) redesignated (17) to (19), respectively.
Subsec. (a)(17). Pub. L. 113–4, § 3(a)(2)(F), redesignated par. (14) as (17).
Pub. L. 113–4, § 3(a)(1), struck out par. (17), which defined “linguistically and culturally specific services”.
Subsec. (a)(18). Pub. L. 113–4, § 3(a)(9), inserted “or Village Public Safety Officers” after “governmental victim services programs”.
Pub. L. 113–4, § 3(a)(2)(F), redesignated par. (15) as (18).
Pub. L. 113–4, § 3(a)(1), struck out par. (18), which defined “personally identifying information” or “personal information”.
Subsec. (a)(19). Pub. L. 113–4, § 3(a)(10), inserted at end “Intake or referral, by itself, does not constitute legal assistance.”
Pub. L. 113–4, § 3(a)(2)(F), redesignated par. (16) as (19). Former par. (19) redesignated (23).
Subsec. (a)(20) to (22). Pub. L. 113–4, § 3(a)(11), added pars. (20) to (22). Former pars. (20), (21), and (22) redesignated (24), (26), and (27), respectively.
Subsec. (a)(23). Pub. L. 113–4, § 3(a)(12), substituted “assistance” for “services”.
Pub. L. 113–4, § 3(a)(2)(E), redesignated par. (19) as (23).
Pub. L. 113–4, § 3(a)(1), struck out par. (23), which defined “sexual assault”.
Subsec. (a)(24). Pub. L. 113–4, § 3(a)(2)(E), redesignated par. (20) as (24). Former par. (24) redesignated (30).
Subsec. (a)(25). Pub. L. 113–4, § 3(a)(13), added par. (25). Former par. (25) redesignated (31).
Subsec. (a)(26). Pub. L. 113–4, § 3(a)(2)(D), redesignated par. (21) as (26). Former par. (26) redesignated (32).
Subsec. (a)(26)(C). Pub. L. 113–4, § 3(a)(14), added subpar. (C).
Subsec. (a)(27). Pub. L. 113–4, § 3(a)(15), substituted “57” for “52” and “250,000” for “150,000”.
Pub. L. 113–4, § 3(a)(2)(D), redesignated par. (22) as (27). Former par. (27) redesignated (33).
Subsec. (a)(28). Pub. L. 113–4, § 3(a)(16), added par. (28). Former par. (28) redesignated (34).
Subsec. (a)(29). Pub. L. 113–4, § 3(a)(16), added par. (29).
Pub. L. 113–4, § 3(a)(1), struck out par. (29) which defined “tribal coalition”.
Subsec. (a)(30) to (32). Pub. L. 113–4, § 3(a)(2)(C), redesignated pars. (24) to (26) as (30) to (32), respectively. Former pars. (30) to (32) redesignated (36) to (38), respectively.
Subsec. (a)(33). Pub. L. 113–4, § 3(a)(2)(C), redesignated par. (27) as (33).
Pub. L. 113–4, § 3(a)(1), struck out par. (33) which defined “underserved populations”.
Subsec. (a)(34). Pub. L. 113–4, § 3(a)(2)(C), redesignated par. (28) as (34). Former par. (34) redesignated (41).
Subsec. (a)(35). Pub. L. 113–4, § 3(a)(17), added par. (35). Former par. (35) redesignated (42).
Subsec. (a)(36), (37). Pub. L. 113–4, § 3(a)(2)(B), redesignated pars. (30) and (31) as (36) and (37), respectively.
Pub. L. 113–4, § 3(a)(1), struck out pars. (36) and (37), which defined “victim services” or “victim service provider” and “youth”, respectively.
Subsec. (a)(38). Pub. L. 113–4, § 3(a)(2)(B), redesignated par. (32) as (38).
Subsec. (a)(39), (40). Pub. L. 113–4, § 3(a)(18), added pars. (39) and (40).
Subsec. (a)(41), (42). Pub. L. 113–4, § 3(a)(2)(A), redesignated pars. (34) and (35) as (41) and (42), respectively.
Subsec. (a)(43) to (45). Pub. L. 113–4, § 3(a)(19), added pars. (43) to (45).
Subsec. (b)(2)(B). Pub. L. 113–4, § 3(b)(1)(A), added cls. (i) and (ii) and concluding provisions, and struck out former cls. (i) and (ii) which read as follows:
“(i) disclose any personally identifying information or individual information collected in connection with services requested, utilized, or denied through grantees’ and subgrantees’ programs; or
“(ii) reveal individual client information without the informed, written, reasonably time-limited consent of the person (or in the case of an unemancipated minor, the minor and the parent or guardian or in the case of persons with disabilities, the guardian) about whom information is sought, whether for this program or any other Federal, State, tribal, or territorial grant program, except that consent for release may not be given by the abuser of the minor, person with disabilities, or the abuser of the other parent of the minor.”
Subsec. (b)(2)(D). Pub. L. 113–4, § 3(b)(1)(B), amended subpar. (D) generally. Prior to amendment, text read as follows:“Grantees and subgrantees may share—
“(i) nonpersonally identifying data in the aggregate regarding services to their clients and nonpersonally identifying demographic information in order to comply with Federal, State, tribal, or territorial reporting, evaluation, or data collection requirements;
“(ii) court-generated information and law-enforcement generated information contained in secure, governmental registries for protection order enforcement purposes; and
“(iii) law enforcement- and prosecution-generated information necessary for law enforcement and prosecution purposes.”
Subsec. (b)(2)(E) to (G). Pub. L. 113–4, § 3(b)(1)(C)–(E), added subpars. (E) and (G) and redesignated former subpar. (E) as (F).
Subsec. (b)(3). Pub. L. 113–4, § 3(b)(2), added par. (3) and struck out former par. (3). Prior to amendment, text read as follows: “In carrying out the activities under this subchapter, grantees and subgrantees may collaborate with and provide information to Federal, State, local, tribal, and territorial public officials and agencies to develop and implement policies to reduce or eliminate domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, and stalking.”
Subsec. (b)(7). Pub. L. 113–4, § 3(b)(3), inserted at end “Final reports of such evaluations shall be made available to the public via the agency’s website.”
Subsec. (b)(12) to (16). Pub. L. 113–4, § 3(b)(4), added pars. (12) to (16).
2010—Subsec. (a)(26). Pub. L. 111–320 substituted “under sections 10402 and 10411 of this title” for “under the Family Violence Prevention and Services Act (42 U.S.C. 10410(b))”.
2006—Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 109–271, § 1(e)(1), substituted “Alaska Native” for “Alaskan”.
Subsec. (a)(23). Pub. L. 109–271, § 1(d), substituted “proscribed” for “prescribed”.
Subsec. (a)(31) to (37). Pub. L. 109–271, § 1(e)(2), (3), added par. (31) and redesignated former pars. (31) to (36) as (32) to (37), respectively.
Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 109–271, § 1(f), added par. (1) and struck out former par. (1) which read as follows: “No matching funds shall be required for a grant or subgrant made under this subchapter for any tribe, territory, victim service provider, or any entity that the Attorney General determines has adequately demonstrated financial need.”
Subsec. (b)(11). Pub. L. 109–271, § 2(e), inserted “Of the total amounts appropriated under this subchapter, not less than 3 percent and up to 8 percent, unless otherwise noted, shall be available for providing training and technical assistance relating to the purposes of this subchapter to improve the capacity of the grantees, subgrantees, and other entities.” before “If there is a demonstrated history”.
Amendment by Pub. L. 117–315 effective one day after
Amendment by Pub. L. 117–103 not effective until Oct. 1 of the first fiscal year beginning after
Amendment by Pub. L. 113–4 not effective until the beginning of the fiscal year following
Pub. L. 109–162, title II, § 201,
Pub. L. 109–162, title III, § 301,
Pub. L. 117–103, div. W, § 2(b),
Memorandum of President of the United States,
Memorandum for the Heads of Executive Departments and Agencies
By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and the laws of the United States of America, and in order to improve efforts to prevent and address online harassment and abuse, it is hereby ordered as follows:
In the United States and around the world, women and LGBTQI+ political leaders, public figures, activists, and journalists are especially targeted by sexualized forms of online harassment and abuse, undermining their ability to exercise their human rights and participate in democracy, governance, and civic life. Online abuse and harassment, which aim to preclude women from political decision-making about their own lives and communities, undermine the functioning of democracy. Growing evidence also demonstrates that online radicalization can be linked to gender-based violence, which, along with other forms of abuse and harassment, spans the digital and physical realms. Online harassment and abuse can result in a range of dire consequences for victims, from psychological distress and self-censorship to economic losses, disruptions to education, increased self-harm, suicide, homicide, and other forms of physical and sexual violence. Further, digital technologies are often used in concert with other forms of abuse and harassment, underscoring the urgency of addressing the interplay of in-person and online harms. More research is needed to fully understand the nature, magnitude, and costs of these harms and ways to address them in the United States and globally.
Therefore, I am directing the Director of the White House Gender Policy Council and the Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs to lead an interagency effort to address online harassment and abuse, specifically focused on technology-facilitated gender-based violence, and to develop concrete recommendations to improve prevention, response, and protection efforts through programs and policies in the United States and globally.
(b) In addition to the Co-Chairs, the Task Force shall consist of the following members:
(i) the Secretary of State;
(ii) the Secretary of Defense;
(iii) the Attorney General;
(iv) the Secretary of Commerce;
(v) the Secretary of Health and Human Services;
(vi) the Secretary of Education;
(vii) the Secretary of Veterans Affairs;
(viii) the Secretary of Homeland Security;
(ix) the Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy;
(x) the Assistant to the President and Director of the Domestic Policy Council;
(xi) the Assistant to the President for Economic Policy and Director of the National Economic Council;
(xii) the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development;
(xiii) the Counsel to the President;
(xiv) the Counsel to the Vice President; and
(xv) the heads of such other executive departments, agencies, and offices as the Co-Chairs may, from time to time, designate.
(c) A member of the Task Force may designate, to perform the Task Force functions of the member, senior officials within the member’s executive department, agency, or office who are full-time officers or employees of the Federal Government.
(i) improving coordination among executive departments, agencies, and offices to maximize the Federal Government’s effectiveness in preventing and addressing technology-facilitated gender-based violence in the United States and globally, including by developing policy solutions to enhance accountability for those who perpetrate online harms;
(ii) enhancing and expanding data collection and research across the Federal Government to measure the costs, prevalence, exposure to, and impact of technology-facilitated gender-based violence, including by studying the mental health effects of abuse on social media, particularly affecting adolescents;
(iii) increasing access to survivor-centered services, information, and support for victims, and increasing training and technical assistance for Federal, State, local, Tribal, and territorial governments as well as for global organizations and entities in the fields of criminal justice, health and mental health services, education, and victim services;
(iv) developing programs and policies to address online harassment, abuse, and disinformation campaigns targeting women and LGBTQI+ individuals who are public and political figures, government and civic leaders, activists, and journalists in the United States and globally;
(v) examining existing Federal laws, regulations, and policies to evaluate the adequacy of the current legal framework to address technology-facilitated gender-based violence; and
(vi) identifying additional opportunities to improve efforts to prevent and address technology-facilitated gender-based violence in United States foreign policy and foreign assistance, including through the Global Partnership for Action on Gender-Based Online Harassment and Abuse.
(b) Consistent with the objectives of this memorandum and applicable law, the Task Force may consult with and gather relevant information from external stakeholders, including Federal, State, local, Tribal, and territorial government officials, as well as victim advocates, survivors, law enforcement personnel, researchers and academics, civil and human rights groups, philanthropic leaders, technology experts, legal and international policy experts, industry stakeholders, and other entities and persons the Task Force identifies that will assist the Task Force in accomplishing the objectives of this memorandum.
(b) Within 1 year of the date that the Initial Blueprint is submitted to the President, the Co-Chairs of the Task Force shall submit to the President and make publicly available an update and report (1-Year Report) with additional recommendations and actions that executive departments, agencies, and offices can take to advance how Federal, State, local, Tribal, and territorial governments; service providers; international organizations; technology platforms; schools; and other public and private entities can improve efforts to prevent and address technology-facilitated gender-based violence.
(c) Prior to issuing its Initial Blueprint and 1-Year Report, the Co-Chairs of the Task Force shall consolidate any input received and submit periodic recommendations to the President on policies, regulatory actions, and legislation on technology sector accountability to address systemic harms to people affected by online harassment and abuse.
(d) Following the submission of the 1-Year Report to the President, the Co-Chairs of the Task Force shall, on an annual basis, submit a follow-up report to the President on implementation of this memorandum.
(i) the authority granted by law to an executive department or agency, or the head thereof; or
(ii) the functions of the Director of the Office of Management and Budget relating to budgetary, administrative, or legislative proposals.
(b) This memorandum shall not apply to independent regulatory agencies as described in section 3502(5) of title 44, United States Code. Independent regulatory agencies are nevertheless strongly encouraged to participate in the work of the Task Force.
(c) This memorandum shall be implemented consistent with applicable law and subject to the availability of appropriations.
(d) This memorandum is not intended to, and does not, create any right or benefit, substantive or procedural, enforceable at law or in equity by any party against the United States, its departments, agencies, or entities, its officers, employees, or agents, or any other person.
(e) The Attorney General is authorized and directed to publish this memorandum in the Federal Register.