A prior section 1396h, act Aug. 14, 1935, ch. 531, title XIX, § 1909, as added and amended Oct. 30, 1972, Pub. L. 92–603, title II, §§ 242(c), 278(b)(9), 86 Stat. 1419, 1454; Oct. 25, 1977, Pub. L. 95–142, § 4(b), 91 Stat. 1181; Dec. 5, 1980, Pub. L. 96–499, title IX, § 917, 94 Stat. 2625; Aug. 18, 1987, Pub. L. 100–93, § 4(a)–(c), 101 Stat. 688, 689, related to criminal penalties for acts involving Medicare and State health care programs, prior to being renumbered section 1128B of title XI of act Aug. 14, 1935, by section 4(d) of Pub. L. 100–93 and transferred to section 1320a–7b of this title.

Pub. L. 109–171, title VI, § 6031(b), Feb. 8, 2006, 120 Stat. 73, as amended by Pub. L. 109–432, div. B, title IV, § 405(c)(2)(A)(iii), Dec. 20, 2006, 120 Stat. 3000, provided that: “Except as provided in section 6034(e) [set out as an Effective Date of 2006 Amendment note under section 1396a of this title], the amendments made by this section [enacting this section] take effect on January 1, 2007.”