1
 So in original. The space between “advanced-” and “technology” probably should not appear.
fields;
2
 So in original. The space between “bachelor-” and “degree-granting” probably should not appear.
institutions, through such means as—
3
 So in original.
or industry or sector partnerships, and may include a university or other organization with demonstrated expertise in academic program development;
4
 So in original. The defined term probably should be within quotation marks.
includes technological fields such as advanced manufacturing, agricultural-, biological- and chemical-technologies, energy and environmental technologies, engineering technologies, information technologies, micro and nano-technologies, cybersecurity technologies, geospatial technologies, and new, emerging technology areas;
5
 See References in Text note below.
Editorial Notes
References in Text

Sections 1862h to 1862j of this title, referred to in subsecs. (a) and (i), was in the original “this Act”, meaning Pub. L. 102–476, Oct. 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 2297, known as the Scientific and Advanced-Technology Act of 1992, which enacted this section and sections 1862h and 1862j of this title and amended section 1862 of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title of 1992 Amendment note set out under section 1861 of this title and Tables.

Section 4(b) of the Innovations in Mentoring, Training, and Apprenticeships Act, referred to in subsec. (j)(9), is section 4(b) of Pub. L. 115–402, which is set out as a note under section 1862p of this title.

Codification

Section was enacted as part of the Scientific and Advanced-Technology Act of 1992, and not as part of the National Science Foundation Act of 1950 which comprises this chapter.

Amendments

2022—Pub. L. 117–167, § 10312(f)(2)(A), substituted “STEM education” for “Scientific and technical education” in section catchline.

Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 117–167, § 10312(f)(2)(B)(ii), in introductory provisions, inserted “and education to prepare the skilled technical workforce to meet workforce demands” before “, and to improve” and substituted “core education courses in STEM fields” for “core education courses in science and mathematics” and “(including veterans and individuals engaged in work in the home) and on building a pathway from secondary schools to associate-degree-granting institutions, to careers that require technical training, and shall be designed” for “(including work in the home), and shall be designed”.

Pub. L. 117–167, § 10312(f)(2)(B)(i), substituted “STEM education” for “scientific and technical education” in heading.

Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 117–167, § 10312(f)(2)(B)(iii), inserted “and study” after “development” and substituted “core STEM courses” for “core science and mathematics courses”.

Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 117–167, § 10312(f)(2)(B)(iv), substituted “STEM and advanced- technology fields” for “science, mathematics, and advanced-technology fields”.

Subsec. (a)(3)(A). Pub. L. 117–167, § 10312(f)(2)(B)(v), inserted “to support the advanced- technology industries that drive the competitiveness of the United States in the global economy” before semicolon at end.

Subsec. (a)(4). Pub. L. 117–167, § 10312(f)(2)(B)(vi), which directed substitution of “STEM and advanced-technology fields” for “scientific and advanced- technology fields”, was executed by making the substitution for “scientific and advanced-technology fields” to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

Subsec. (a)(5). Pub. L. 117–167, § 10312(f)(2)(B)(vii), substituted “advanced STEM and advanced- technology” for “advanced scientific and technical education”.

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 117–167, § 10312(b), amended subsec. (b) generally. Prior to amendment, text read as follows: “The Director shall award grants for the establishment of centers of excellence, not to exceed 12 in number, among associate-degree-granting colleges. Centers shall meet one or both of the following criteria:

“(1) Exceptional instructional programs in advanced-technology fields.

“(2) Excellence in undergraduate education in mathematics and science.

The centers shall serve as national and regional clearinghouses and models for the benefit of both colleges and secondary schools, and shall provide seminars and programs to disseminate model curricula and model teaching methods and instructional materials to other associate-degree-granting colleges in the geographic region served by the center.”

Subsec. (c)(1)(A). Pub. L. 117–167, § 10312(f)(2)(C)(i)(I)(aa), substituted “to encourage the development of career and educational pathways with multiple entry and exit points leading to credentials and degrees, and to assist students pursuing pathways in STEM fields to transition from associate-degree-granting colleges to bachelor- degree-granting institutions, through such means as—” for “to encourage students to pursue bachelor degrees in mathematics, science, engineering, or technology, and to assist students pursuing bachelor degrees in mathematics, science, engineering, or technology to make the transition from associate-degree-granting colleges to bachelor-degree-granting institutions, through such means as—” in introductory provisions.

Subsec. (c)(1)(A)(i). Pub. L. 117–167, § 10312(f)(2)(C)(i)(I)(bb), substituted “to develop articulation agreements that ensure” for “to ensure”.

Subsec. (c)(1)(A)(ii). Pub. L. 117–167, § 10312(f)(2)(C)(i)(I)(cc), substituted “the career and educational pathways supported by the articulation agreements” for “courses at the bachelor-degree-granting institution”.

Subsec. (c)(1)(B). Pub. L. 117–167, § 10312(f)(2)(C)(i)(II)(cc), struck out concluding provisions which read as follows: “Funds used by eligible partnerships to carry out clauses (i) and (ii) shall be from non-Federal sources. In-cash and in-kind resources used by eligible partnerships to carry out clauses (i) and (ii) shall not be considered to be contributions for purposes of applying subsection (i)(3).”

Subsec. (c)(1)(B)(i). Pub. L. 117–167, § 10312(f)(2)(C)(i)(II)(aa), inserted “veterans and individuals engaged in” before “work in the home”.

Subsec. (c)(1)(B)(iii). Pub. L. 117–167, § 10312(f)(2)(C)(i)(II)(bb), substituted “institutions or work sites” for “bachelor’s-degree-granting institutions” and inserted “or industry internships” after “summer programs”.

Subsec. (c)(1)(C). Pub. L. 117–167, § 10312(f)(2)(C)(i)(III), struck out subpar. (C) which read as follows: “Any institution participating in a partnership that receives a grant under this paragraph shall be ineligible to receive assistance under part B of title I of the Higher Education Act of 1965 for the duration of the grant received under this paragraph.”

Subsec. (c)(2). Pub. L. 117–167, § 10312(f)(2)(C)(ii), substituted “outstanding STEM programs to strengthen relationships with secondary schools and, as appropriate, elementary schools, in the community served by the college by improving STEM education and encouraging the interest and aptitude of students at these schools for careers in STEM and advanced-technology fields through such means as developing articulation agreements or dual credit courses with local secondary schools, or other means as the Director determines appropriate, to enable students” for “outstanding mathematics and science programs to strengthen relationships with secondary schools in the community served by the college by improving mathematics and science education and encouraging the interest and aptitude of secondary school students for careers in science and advanced-technology fields through such means as developing agreements with local educational agencies to enable students”.

Subsec. (c)(3). Pub. L. 117–167, § 10312(f)(2)(C)(iii), struck out subpar. (A) designation before “establish a program”, substituted “shall” for “shall—”, “STEM fields” for “the fields of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics”, and “, including jobs at Federal and academic laboratories.” for “; and”, and struck out subpar. (B) which read as follows: “make grants available to associate-degree-granting colleges to carry out the program identified in subsection (A).”

Subsec. (d)(2)(F). Pub. L. 117–167, § 10312(f)(2)(D), added subpar. (F).

Subsec. (d)(2)(G). Pub. L. 117–167, § 10361(d)(1), added subpar. (G).

Subsec. (e)(3)(E). Pub. L. 117–167, § 10361(d)(2), added subpar. (E).

Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 117–167, § 10312(f)(2)(E), struck out at end “In carrying out subsection (c), the Director shall coordinate activities with programs receiving assistance under part B of title I of the Higher Education Act of 1965.

Subsec. (h)(1)(A). Pub. L. 117–167, § 10312(f)(2)(F)(i), substituted “2026” for “2022”.

Subsec. (h)(1)(B). Pub. L. 117–167, § 10312(f)(2)(F)(ii), substituted “2026” for “2022”.

Subsec. (h)(1)(C). Pub. L. 117–167, § 10312(f)(2)(F)(iii), substituted “not less than $3,000,000” for “up to $2,500,000” and “2026” for “2022”.

Subsec. (i)(3) to (5). Pub. L. 117–167, § 10312(f)(2)(G), redesignated pars. (4) and (5) as (3) and (4), respectively, and struck out former par. (3) which read as follows: “ensure that an applicant for a grant awarded under subsection (a), (b), or (c)(1) will make an in-cash or in-kind contribution in an amount equal to at least 25 percent of the cost of the program, and for a grant awarded under subsection (c)(2) will make an in-cash or in-kind contribution in an amount at least equal to the amount of the grant award;”.

Subsec. (j)(1). Pub. L. 117–167, § 10312(f)(2)(H)(i), added par. (1) and struck out former par. (1) which read as follows: “the term ‘advanced-technology’ includes advanced technical activities such as the modernization, miniaturization, integration, and computerization of electronic, hydraulic, pneumatic, laser, nuclear, chemical, telecommunication, fiber optic, robotic, and other technological applications to enhance productivity improvements in manufacturing, communication, transportation, commercial, and similar economic and national security activities;”.

Subsec. (j)(4). Pub. L. 117–167, § 10312(f)(2)(H)(ii), which directed substitution of “other entities” for “separate bachelor-degree- granting institutions”, was executed by making the substitution for “separate bachelor-degree-granting institutions” to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

Subsec. (j)(7). Pub. L. 117–167, § 10312(f)(2)(H)(iii), (iv), redesignated par. (8) as (7) and struck out former par. (7) which read as follows: “the term ‘local educational agency’ has the meaning given such term in section 2891(12) of title 20.”

Subsec. (j)(8). Pub. L. 117–167, § 10312(f)(2)(H)(vi)(I), substituted “science, technology, engineering, or mathematics” for “mathematics, science, engineering, or technology”.

Pub. L. 117–167, § 10312(f)(2)(H)(iv), redesignated par. (9) as (8). Former par. (8) redesignated (7).

Subsec. (j)(9). Pub. L. 117–167, § 10312(f)(2)(H)(v), (vi)(II), (vii), added par. (9).

Pub. L. 117–167, § 10312(f)(2)(H)(iv), redesignated par. (9) as (8).

2021—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 116–283, § 5401(e)(3)(A), substituted “12” for “10” in introductory provisions.

Subsec. (j)(9). Pub. L. 116–283, § 9405(b), inserted “and cybersecurity” after “computer science”.

2018—Subsec. (a)(3)(A). Pub. L. 115–402, § 3(3), substituted semicolon for comma at end.

Subsec. (c)(1)(B). Pub. L. 115–402, § 3(4), which directed substitution of “subsection (i)(3)” for “subsection (f)(3)” in cl. (iv), was executed by making the substitution in concluding provisions of subpar. (B) following cl. (iv), to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

Subsecs. (d) to (f). Pub. L. 115–402, § 3(2), added subsecs. (d) to (f). Former subsecs. (d) to (f) redesignated (g) to (i), respectively.

Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 115–402, § 3(1), redesignated subsec. (d) as (g). Former subsec. (g) redesignated (j).

Subsec. (h). Pub. L. 115–402, § 3(5), substituted “Funding” for “Limitation on funding” in heading, designated existing provisions as par. (3) and inserted heading, and added pars. (1) and (2).

Pub. L. 115–402, § 3(1), redesignated subsec. (e) as (h).

Subsec. (i). Pub. L. 115–402, § 3(1), redesignated subsec. (f) as (i).

Subsec. (j). Pub. L. 115–402, § 3(1), redesignated subsec. (g) as (j).

Subsec. (j)(5) to (9). Pub. L. 115–402, § 3(6), added pars. (5) and (6), redesignated former par. (5) as (7), and added pars. (8) and (9).

2007—Subsec. (a)(3)(A). Pub. L. 110–69, § 7031(a)(1)(A), which directed striking out “and” after the semicolon, was executed by striking out “and” after the comma, to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

Subsec. (a)(3)(B), (C). Pub. L. 110–69, § 7031(a)(1)(B), (C), substituted “; and” for semicolon in subpar. (B) and added subpar. (C).

Subsec. (c)(3). Pub. L. 110–69, § 7031(a)(2), added par. (3).

2002—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 107–368, § 21(a)(1), inserted “, and to improve the quality of their core education courses in science and mathematics” after “education in advanced-technology fields” in introductory provisions.

Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 107–368, § 21(a)(2), inserted “and in core science and mathematics courses” after “advanced-technology fields”.

Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 107–368, § 21(a)(3), substituted “who provide instruction in science, mathematics, and advanced-technology fields” for “in advanced-technology fields”.

Subsec. (c)(1)(B)(iii), (iv). Pub. L. 107–368, § 21(b), added cls. (iii) and (iv).

1998—Subsec. (g)(2), (3). Pub. L. 105–244 substituted “section 101 of the Higher Education Act of 1965” for “section 1201(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1141(a))”.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Effective Date of 1998 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 105–244 effective Oct. 1, 1998, except as otherwise provided in Pub. L. 105–244, see section 3 of Pub. L. 105–244, set out as a note under section 1001 of Title 20, Education.

Findings

Pub. L. 115–402, § 2, Dec. 31, 2018, 132 Stat. 5343, provided that: “Congress finds the following:

“(1)
To remain competitive in the global economy, foster greater innovation, and provide a foundation for shared prosperity, the United States needs a workforce with the right mix of skills to meet the diverse needs of the economy.
“(2)
Evidence indicates that the returns on investments in technical skills in the labor market are strong when students successfully complete their education and gain credentials sought by employers.
“(3)
The responsibility for developing and sustaining a skilled technical workforce is fragmented across many groups, including educators, students, workers, employers, Federal, State, and local governments, civic associations, and other stakeholders. Such groups need to be able to coordinate and cooperate successfully with each other.
“(4)
Coordination among students, community colleges, secondary and post-secondary institutions, and employers would improve educational outcomes.
“(5)
Promising experiments currently underway may guide innovation and reform, but scalability of some of those experiments has not yet been tested.
“(6)
Evidence suggests that integration of academic education, technical skills development, and hands-on work experience improves outcomes and return on investment for students in secondary and post-secondary education and for skilled technical workers in different career stages.
“(7)
Outcomes show that mentoring can increase STEM student engagement and the rate of completion of STEM post-secondary degrees.”