§ 404A.
(a)
General rule
Amounts paid or accrued by an employer under a qualified foreign plan—
(1)
shall not be allowable as a deduction under this chapter, but
(2)
if they would otherwise be deductible, shall be allowed as a deduction under this section for the taxable year for which such amounts are properly taken into account under this section.
(b)
Rules for qualified funded plans
For purposes of this section—
(2)
Payment after close of taxable year
For purposes of paragraph (1), a payment made after the close of a taxable year shall be treated as made on the last day of such year if the payment is made—
(A)
on account of such year, and
(B)
not later than the time prescribed by law for filing the return for such year (including extensions thereof).
(3)
Limitations
In the case of a qualified funded plan, the amount allowable as a deduction for the taxable year shall be subject to—
(A)
in the case of—
(i)
a plan under which the benefits are fixed or determinable, limitations similar to those contained in clauses (ii) and (iii) of subparagraph (A) of section 404(a)(1) (determined without regard to the last sentence of such subparagraph (A)), or
(ii)
any other plan, limitations similar to the limitations contained in paragraph (3) of section 404(a), and
(B)
limitations similar to those contained in paragraph (7) of section 404(a).
(4)
Carryover
If—
(A)
the aggregate of the contributions paid during the taxable year reduced by any contributions not allowable as a deduction under paragraphs (1) and (2) of subsection (g), exceeds
(B)
the amount allowable as a deduction under subsection (a) (determined without regard to subsection (d)),
such excess shall be treated as an amount paid in the succeeding taxable year.
(5)
Amounts must be paid to qualified trust, etc.
In the case of a qualified funded plan, a contribution shall be taken into account only if it is paid—
(A)
to a trust (or the equivalent of a trust) which meets the requirements of section 401(a)(2),
(B)
for a retirement annuity, or
(C)
to a participant or beneficiary.
(c)
Rules relating to qualified reserve plans
For purposes of this section—
(3)
Rights must be nonforfeitable, etc.
In the case of a qualified reserve plan, an item shall be taken into account for a taxable year only if—
(A)
there is no substantial risk that the rights of the employee will be forfeited, and
(B)
such item meets such additional requirements as the Secretary may by regulations prescribe as necessary or appropriate to ensure that the liability will be satisfied.
(4)
Spreading of certain increases and decreases in reserves
There shall be amortized over a 10-year period any increase or decrease to the reserve on account of—
(A)
the adoption of the plan or a plan amendment,
(B)
experience gains and losses,
(C)
any change in actuarial assumptions,
(D)
changes in the interest rate under subsection (g)(3)(B), and
(E)
such other factors as may be prescribed by regulations.
(d)
Amounts taken into account must be consistent with amounts allowed under foreign law
(1)
General rule
In the case of any plan, the amount allowed as a deduction under subsection (a) for any taxable year shall equal—
(A)
the lesser of—
(i)
the cumulative United States amount, or
(ii)
the cumulative foreign amount, reduced by
(B)
the aggregate amount determined under this section for all prior taxable years.
(2)
Cumulative amounts defined
For purposes of paragraph (1)—
(A)
Cumulative United States amount
(B)
Cumulative foreign amount
(3)
Effect on earnings and profits, etc.
(e)
Qualified foreign plan
For purposes of this section, the term “qualified foreign plan” means any written plan of an employer for deferring the receipt of compensation but only if—
(1)
such plan is for the exclusive benefit of the employer’s employees or their beneficiaries,
(2)
90 percent or more of the amounts taken into account for the taxable year under the plan are attributable to services—
(A)
performed by nonresident aliens, and
(B)
the compensation for which is not subject to tax under this chapter, and
(3)
the employer elects (at such time and in such manner as the Secretary shall by regulations prescribe) to have this section apply to such plan.
(g)
Other special rules
(1)
No deduction for certain amounts
Except as provided in section 404(a)(5), no deduction shall be allowed under this section for any item to the extent such item is attributable to services—
(A)
performed by a citizen or resident of the United States who is a highly compensated employee (within the meaning of section 414(q)), or
(B)
performed in the United States the compensation for which is subject to tax under this chapter.
(2)
Taxpayer must furnish information
(A)
In general
No deduction shall be allowed under this section with respect to any plan for any taxable year unless the taxpayer furnishes to the Secretary with respect to such plan (at such time as the Secretary may by regulations prescribe)—
(i)
a statement from the foreign tax authorities specifying the amount of the deduction allowed in computing taxable income under foreign law for such year with respect to such plan,
(ii)
if the return under foreign tax law shows the deduction for plan contributions or reserves as a separate, identifiable item, a copy of the foreign tax return for the taxable year, or
(iii)
such other statement, return, or other evidence as the Secretary prescribes by regulation as being sufficient to establish the amount of the deduction under foreign law.
(B)
Redetermination where foreign tax deduction is adjusted
(3)
Actuarial assumptions must be reasonable; full funding
(B)
Interest rate for reserve plan
(ii)
Rate remains in effect so long as it falls within permissible range
(5)
Section 481 applies to election
(Added [Pub. L. 96–603, § 2(a)], Dec. 28, 1980, [94 Stat. 3505]; amended [Pub. L. 99–514, title XI, § 1114(b)(8)], title XVIII, § 1851(b)(2)(C)(iii), Oct. 22, 1986, [100 Stat. 2451], 2863; [Pub. L. 100–647, title I, § 1012(b)(4)], Nov. 10, 1988, [102 Stat. 3496]; [Pub. L. 109–280, title VIII, § 801(c)(4)], Aug. 17, 2006, [120 Stat. 995]; [Pub. L. 115–141, div. U, title IV, § 401(a)(74)], Mar. 23, 2018, [132 Stat. 1187].)