improvements in our ability to understand, model, and predict extreme events and natural hazards;

the creation of novel engineered systems solutions for resilient complex infrastructures, particularly those that address critical interdependence among infrastructures and leverage the growing infusion of cyber-physical-social components into the infrastructures;

development of equipment and instrumentation for innovation in resilient engineered infrastructures;

multidisciplinary research on the behaviors individuals and communities engage in to detect, perceive, understand, predict, assess, mitigate, and prevent risks and to improve and increase resilience; and

advancements in multidisciplinary wildfire science, including those related to air quality impacts, human behavior, and early detection and warning.