48 USC 1988 - United States policy regarding the Freely Associated States

U.S Code last checked for updates: Nov 23, 2024

§ 1988.

United States policy regarding the Freely Associated States

(a)

Authorization for veterans’ services

(1)

Definition of Freely Associated States

In this subsection, the term “Freely Associated States” means—

(A)

the Federated States of Micronesia, during such time as it is a party to the Compact of Free Association set forth in section 201 of the Compact of Free Association Act of 1985 (Public Law 99–239; 48 U.S.C. 1901 note);

(B)

the Republic of the Marshall Islands, during such time as it is a party to the Compact of Free Association set forth in section 201 of the Compact of Free Association Act of 1985 (Public Law 99–239; 48 U.S.C. 1901 note); and

(C)

the Republic of Palau, during such time as it is a party to the Compact of Free Association between the United States and the Government of Palau set forth in section 201 of Joint Resolution entitled “Joint Resolution to approve the ‘Compact of Free Association’ between the United States and the Government of Palau, and for other purposes” (Public Law 99–658; 48 U.S.C. 1931 note).

(2)

, (3) Omitted

(4)

Legal issues

(A)

Agreements to furnish care and services

(i)

In general

Before delivering hospital care or medical services under subsection (f) of section 1724 of title 38, as added by paragraph (2)(B), the Secretary of Veterans Affairs, in consultation with the Secretary of State, shall enter into agreements with the governments of the Freely Associated States to—

(I)

facilitate the furnishing of health services, including telehealth, under the laws administered by the Secretary of Veterans Affairs to veterans in the Freely Associated States, such as by addressing—

(aa)

licensure, certification, registration, and tort issues relating to health care personnel;

(bb)

the scope of health services the Secretary may furnish, as well as the means for furnishing such services; and

(cc)

matters relating to delivery of pharmaceutical products and medical surgical products, including delivery of such products through the Consolidated Mail Outpatient Pharmacy of the Department of Veterans Affairs, to the Freely Associated States;

(II)

clarify the authority of the Secretary of Veterans Affairs to pay for tort claims as set forth under subparagraph (C); and

(III)

clarify authority and responsibility on any other matters determined relevant by the Secretary of Veterans Affairs or the governments of the Freely Associated States.

(ii)

Scope of agreements

(iii)

Report to Congress

(I)

In general

(II)

Appropriate committees of Congress defined

In this clause, the term “appropriate committees of Congress” means—

(aa)

the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources, the Committee on Foreign Relations, and the Committee on Veterans’ Affairs of the Senate; and

(bb)

the Committee on Natural Resources, the Committee on Foreign Affairs, and the Committee on Veterans’ Affairs of the House of Representatives.

(B)

Omitted

(C)

Payment of claims

(5)

Outreach and assessment of options

During the 1-year period beginning on March 9, 2024, the Secretary of Veterans Affairs shall, subject to the availability of appropriations—

(A)

conduct robust outreach to, and engage with, each government of the Freely Associated States;

(B)

assess options for the delivery of care through the use of authorities provided pursuant to the amendments made by this subsection; and

(C)

increase staffing as necessary to conduct outreach under subparagraph (A).

(b)

Authorization of education programs

(1)

Eligibility

For fiscal year 2024 and each fiscal year thereafter, the Government of the United States shall—

(A)

continue to make available to the Federated States of Micronesia, the Republic of the Marshall Islands, and the Republic of Palau, grants for services to individuals eligible for such services under part B of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (20 U.S.C. 1411 et seq.) to the extent that those services continue to be available to individuals in the United States;

(B)

continue to make available to the Federated States of Micronesia and the Republic of the Marshall Islands and make available to the Republic of Palau, competitive grants under the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 6301 et seq.), the Carl D. Perkins Career and Technical Education Act of 2006 (20 U.S.C. 2301 et seq.), and part D of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (20 U.S.C. 1450 et seq.), to the extent that those grants continue to be available to State and local governments in the United States;

(C)

continue to make grants available to the Republic of Palau under part A of title I of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 6311 et seq.), the Adult Education and Family Literacy Act (29 U.S.C. 3271 et seq.), and the Carl D. Perkins Career and Technical Education Act of 2006 (20 U.S.C. 2301 et seq.);

(D)

continue to make available to eligible institutions of higher education in the Republic of Palau and make available to eligible institutions of higher education in the Federated States of Micronesia and the Republic of the Marshall Islands and to students enrolled in those institutions of higher education, and to students who are citizens of the Federated States of Micronesia, the Republic of the Marshall Islands, and the Republic of Palau and enrolled in institutions of higher education in the United States and territories of the United States, grants under—

(i)

subpart 1 of part A of title IV of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1070a et seq.);

(ii)

subpart 3 of part A of title IV of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1070b et seq.); and

(iii)

part C of title IV of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1087–51 et seq.);

(E)

require, as a condition of eligibility for a public institution of higher education in any State (as defined in section 103 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1003)) that is not a Freely Associated State to participate in or receive funds under any program under title IV of such Act (20 U.S.C. 1070 et seq.), that the institution charge students who are citizens of the Federated States of Micronesia, the Republic of the Marshall Islands, or the Republic of Palau tuition for attendance at a rate that is not greater than the rate charged for residents of the State in which such public institution of higher education is located; and

(F)

continue to make available, to eligible institutions of higher education, secondary schools, and nonprofit organizations in the Federated States of Micronesia, the Republic of the Marshall Islands, and the Republic of Palau, competitive grants under the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001 et seq.).

(2)

Other formula grants

(3)

to (6) Omitted

(7)

Coordination required

The Secretary of the Interior, in coordination with the Secretary of Education and the Secretary of Health and Human Services, as applicable, shall, to the maximum extent practicable, coordinate with the 3 United States appointees to the Joint Economic Management Committee described in section 1984(b)(1) of this title and the 2 United States appointees to the Joint Economic Management and Financial Accountability Committee described in section 1985(d)(1) of this title to avoid duplication of economic assistance for education provided under section 261(a)(1) of the 2023 Amended U.S.-FSM Compact or section 261(a)(1) of the 2023 Amended U.S.-RMI Compact of activities or services provided under—

(A)

the Head Start Act (42 U.S.C. 9831 et seq.);

(B)

subpart 3 of part A of title IV of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1070b et seq.); or

(C)

part C of title IV of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1087–51 et seq.).

(c)

Authorization of Department of Defense programs

(1)

Department of defense medical facilities

(2)

Participation by secondary schools in the Armed Services Vocational Aptitude Battery Student Testing Program

(d)

Judicial training

(e)

Eligibility for the Republic of Palau

(1)

National Health Service Corps

(2)

Additional programs and services

(3)

Programs and services of certain agencies

In addition to the programs and services set forth in the operative Federal Programs and Services Agreement between the United States and the Republic of Palau, the programs and services of the following agencies shall be made available to the Republic of Palau:

(A)

The Legal Services Corporation.

(B)

The Public Health Service.

(C)

The Rural Housing Service.

(f)

Omitted

(g)

Consultation with International Financial Institutions

(h)

Omitted

(i)

Establishment of a unit for the Freely Associated States in the Bureau of East Asian and Pacific Affairs of the Department of State and increasing personnel focused on Oceania

(1)

Definition of appropriate congressional committees

(2)

Requirements

The Secretary of State shall—

(A)

assign additional full-time equivalent personnel to the Office of Australia, New Zealand, and Pacific Island Affairs of the Bureau of East Asian and Pacific Affairs of the Department of State, including to the unit established under subparagraph (B), as the Secretary of State determines to be appropriate, in accordance with paragraph (4)(A); and

(B)

establish a unit in the Bureau of East Asian and Pacific Affairs of the Department of State to carry out the functions described in paragraph (3).

(3)

Functions of unit

The unit established under paragraph (2)(B) shall be responsible for the following:

(A)

Managing the bilateral and regional relations with the Freely Associated States.

(B)

Supporting the Secretary of State in leading negotiations relating to the Compacts of Free Association with the Freely Associated States.

(C)

Coordinating, in consultation with the Department of the Interior, the Department of Defense, and other interagency partners as appropriate, implementation of the Compacts of Free Association with the Freely Associated States.

(4)

Full-time equivalent employees

(A)

not later than 5 years after March 9, 2024, assign to the Office of Australia, New Zealand, and Pacific Island Affairs of the Bureau of East Asian and Pacific Affairs, including to the unit established under paragraph (2)(B), not less than 4 additional full-time equivalent staff, who shall not be dual-hatted, including by considering—

(i)

the use of existing flexible hiring authorities, including Domestic Employees Teleworking Overseas (DETOs); and

(ii)

the realignment of existing personnel, including from the United States Mission in Australia, as appropriate;

(B)

reduce the number of vacant foreign service positions in the Pacific Island region by establishing an incentive program within the Foreign Service for overseas positions related to the Pacific Island region; and

(C)

report to the appropriate congressional committees on progress toward objectives outlined in this subsection beginning 1 year from March 9, 2024, and annually thereafter for 5 years.

(j)

Omitted

(k)

Continuing Trust Territory authorization

The authorization provided by the Act of June 30, 1954 (68 Stat. 330, chapter 423), shall remain available after the effective date of the 2023 Amended U.S.-FSM Compact and the 2023 Amended U.S.-RMI Compact with respect to the Federated States of Micronesia and the Republic of the Marshall Islands for transition purposes, including—

(1)

completion of projects and fulfillment of commitments or obligations;

(2)

termination of the Trust Territory Government and termination of the High Court;

(3)

health and education as a result of exceptional circumstances;

(4)

ex gratia contributions for the populations of Bikini, Enewetak, Rongelap, and Utrik; and

(5)

technical assistance and training in financial management, program administration, and maintenance of infrastructure.

(l)

Omitted

(Pub. L. 118–42, div. G, title II, § 209, Mar. 9, 2024, 138 Stat. 438.)

cite as: 48 USC 1988