50 USC 4817 - Requirements to identify and control the export of emerging and foundational technologies

U.S Code last checked for updates: Nov 23, 2024

§ 4817.

Requirements to identify and control the export of emerging and foundational technologies

(a)

Identification of technologies

(1)

In general

The President shall establish and, in coordination with the Secretary, the Secretary of Defense, the Secretary of Energy, the Secretary of State, and the heads of other Federal agencies as appropriate, lead, a regular, ongoing interagency process to identify emerging and foundational technologies that—

(A)

are essential to the national security of the United States; and

(B)

are not critical technologies described in clauses (i) through (v) of section 4565(a)(6)(A) of this title.

(2)

Process

The interagency process established under subsection (a) shall—

(A)

be informed by multiple sources of information, including—

(i)

publicly available information;

(ii)

classified information, including relevant information provided by the Director of National Intelligence;

(iii)

information relating to reviews and investigations of transactions by the Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States under section 4565 of this title; and

(iv)

information provided by the advisory committees established by the Secretary to advise the Under Secretary of Commerce for Industry and Security on controls under the Export Administration Regulations, including the Emerging Technology and Research Advisory Committee;

(B)

take into account—

(i)

the development of emerging and foundational technologies in foreign countries;

(ii)

the effect export controls imposed pursuant to this section may have on the development of such technologies in the United States; and

(iii)

the effectiveness of export controls imposed pursuant to this section on limiting the proliferation of emerging and foundational technologies to foreign countries; and

(C)

include a notice and comment period.

(b)

Commerce controls

(1)

In general

(2)

Levels of control

(A)

In general

(B)

Considerations

In determining under subparagraph (A) the level of control appropriate for technology described in paragraph (1), the Secretary shall take into account—

(i)

lists of countries to which exports from the United States are restricted; and

(ii)

the potential end uses and end users of the technology.

(C)

Minimum requirements

(3)

Review of license applications

(A)

Procedures

(B)

Consideration of information relating to national security

(C)

Disclosures relating to collaborative arrangements

(4)

Exceptions

(A)

Mandatory exceptions

The Secretary may not control under this subsection the export of any technology—

(i)

described in section 1702(b) of this title; or

(ii)

if the regulation of the export of that technology is prohibited under any other provision of law.

(B)

Regulatory exceptions

(C)

Additional exceptions

The Secretary shall not be required to impose under paragraph (1) a requirement for a license or other authorization with respect to the export, reexport, or in-country transfer of technology described in paragraph (1) pursuant to any of the following transactions:

(i)

The sale or license of a finished item and the provision of associated technology if the United States person that is a party to the transaction generally makes the finished item and associated technology available to its customers, distributors, or resellers.

(ii)

The sale or license to a customer of a product and the provision of integration services or similar services if the United States person that is a party to the transaction generally makes such services available to its customers.

(iii)

The transfer of equipment and the provision of associated technology to operate the equipment if the transfer could not result in the foreign person using the equipment to produce critical technologies (as defined in section 4565(a) of this title).

(iv)

The procurement by the United States person that is a party to the transaction of goods or services, including manufacturing services, from a foreign person that is a party to the transaction, if the foreign person has no rights to exploit any technology contributed by the United States person other than to supply the procured goods or services.

(v)

Any contribution and associated support by a United States person that is a party to the transaction to an industry organization related to a standard or specification, whether in development or declared, including any license of or commitment to license intellectual property in compliance with the rules of any standards organization (as defined by the Secretary by regulation).

(c)

Multilateral controls

(1)

In general

(2)

Items on commerce control list or United States munitions list

(d)

Report to Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States

(e)

Report to Congress

Not less frequently than every 180 days, the Secretary, in coordination with the Secretary of Defense, the Secretary of State, and the heads of other Federal agencies, as appropriate, shall submit a report on the results of actions taken pursuant to this section, including actions taken pursuant to subsections (a), (b), and (c), to—

(1)

the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs, the Committee on Foreign Relations, the Committee on Armed Services, and the Select Committee on Intelligence of the Senate; and

(2)

the Committee on Financial Services, the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Committee on Armed Services, and the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence of the House of Representatives.

(f)

Modifications to Emerging Technology and Research Advisory Committee

(1)

In general

(2)

Duties

The Secretary—

(A)

shall revise the duties of the Emerging Technology and Research Advisory Committee to include identifying emerging and foundational technologies that may be developed over a period of 5 years or 10 years; and

(B)

may revise the duties of the Advisory Committee to include identifying trends in—

(i)

the ownership by foreign persons and foreign governments of such technologies;

(ii)

the types of transactions related to such technologies engaged in by foreign persons and foreign governments;

(iii)

the blending of private and government investment in such technologies; and

(iv)

efforts to obfuscate ownership of such technologies or to otherwise circumvent the controls established under this section.

(3)

Meetings

(A)

Frequency

(B)

Attendance

(4)

Classified information

(5)

Applicability of Federal Advisory Committee Act

(6)

Report

(g)

Rule of Construction

Nothing in this chapter shall be construed to alter or limit—

(1)

the authority of the President or the Secretary of State to designate items as defense articles and defense services for the purposes of the Arms Export Control Act (22 U.S.C. 2751 et seq.) or to otherwise regulate such items; or

(2)

the authority of the President under the Atomic Energy Act of 1954 (42 U.S.C. 2011 et seq.), the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Act of 1978 (22 U.S.C. 3201 et seq.), the Energy Reorganization Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5801 et seq.), or the Export Administration Act of 1979 (50 U.S.C. 4601 et seq.) (as continued in effect pursuant to the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.)) or any other provision of law relating to the control of exports.

(Pub. L. 115–232, div. A, title XVII, § 1758, Aug. 13, 2018, 132 Stat. 2218.)

cite as: 50 USC 4817