(a) All property and interests in property that are in the United States, that come within the United States, or that are or come within the possession or control of any U.S. person of the following persons are blocked and may not be transferred, paid, exported, withdrawn, or otherwise dealt in:

(1) Executive Order (E.O.) 13660. Any person determined by the Secretary of the Treasury, in consultation with the Secretary of State:

(i) To be responsible for or complicit in, or to have engaged in, directly or indirectly, any of the following:

(A) Actions or policies that undermine democratic processes or institutions in Ukraine;

(B) Actions or policies that threaten the peace, security, stability, sovereignty, or territorial integrity of Ukraine; or

(C) Misappropriation of state assets of Ukraine or of an economically significant entity in Ukraine;

(ii) To have asserted governmental authority over any part or region of Ukraine without the authorization of the Government of Ukraine;

(iii) To be a leader of an entity that has, or whose members have, engaged in any activity described in paragraph (a)(1)(i) or (ii) or of an entity whose property and interests in property are blocked pursuant to this paragraph (a)(1);

(iv) To have materially assisted, sponsored, or provided financial, material, or technological support for, or goods or services to or in support of, any activity described in paragraph (a)(1)(i) or (ii) or any person whose property and interests in property are blocked pursuant to this paragraph (a)(1);

(v) To be owned or controlled by, or to have acted or purported to act for or on behalf of, directly or indirectly, any person whose property or interests in property are blocked pursuant to this paragraph (a)(1);

(2) E.O. 13661 Annex. The persons listed in the Annex to E.O. 13661 of March 16, 2014;

(3) E.O. 13661. Any person determined by the Secretary of the Treasury, in consultation with the Secretary of State:

(i) To be an official of the Government of the Russian Federation;

(ii) To operate in the arms or related materiel sector in the Russian Federation;

(iii) To be owned or controlled by, or to have acted or purported to act for or on behalf of, directly or indirectly:

(A) A senior official of the Government of the Russian Federation; or

(B) A person whose property or interests in property are blocked pursuant to paragraph (a)(2) of this section or this paragraph (a)(3); or

(iv) To have materially assisted, sponsored, or provided financial, material, or technological support for, or goods or services to or in support of:

(A) A senior official of the Government of the Russian Federation; or

(B) A person whose property or interests in property are blocked pursuant to paragraph (a)(2) of this section or this paragraph (a)(3);

(4) E.O. 13662 and Secretary of the Treasury determinations. Any person determined by the Secretary of the Treasury, in consultation with the Secretary of State:

(i) To operate in the defense and related materiel sector of the Russian Federation economy;

(ii) To operate in the financial services sector of the Russian Federation economy;

(iii) To operate in the energy sector of the Russian Federation economy;

(iv) To be a state-owned entity operating in the railway sector of the Russian Federation economy;

(v) To be a state-owned entity operating in the metals and mining sector of the Russian Federation economy;

(vi) To operate in any other sectors of the Russian Federation economy as may be determined by the Secretary of the Treasury, in consultation with the Secretary of State;

(vii) To have materially assisted, sponsored, or provided financial, material, or technological support for, or goods or services to or in support of, any person whose property and interests in property are blocked pursuant to this paragraph (a)(4); or

(viii) To be owned or controlled by, or to have acted for or on behalf of, directly or indirectly, any person whose property and interests in property are blocked pursuant to this paragraph (a)(4);

(5) E.O. 13685. Any person determined by the Secretary of the Treasury, in consultation with the Secretary of State:

(i) To operate in the Crimea region of Ukraine;

(ii) To be a leader of an entity operating in the Crimea region of Ukraine;

(iii) To be owned or controlled by, or to have acted or purported to act for or on behalf of, directly or indirectly, any person whose property and interests in property are blocked pursuant to this paragraph (a)(5); or

(iv) To have materially assisted, sponsored, or provided financial, material, or technological support for, or goods or services in support of, any person whose property and interests in property are blocked pursuant to this paragraph (a)(5);

(6) Support for the Sovereignty, Integrity, Democracy, and Economic Stability of Ukraine Act of 2014, as amended (22 U.S.C. 8901-8910) (SSIDES). (i) Any person, including a current or former official of the Government of Ukraine or a person acting on behalf of that Government, that the Secretary of the Treasury, in consultation with the Secretary of State, determines has perpetrated, or is responsible for ordering, controlling, or otherwise directing, significant acts of violence or gross human rights abuses in Ukraine against persons associated with the antigovernment protests in Ukraine that began on November 21, 2013;

(ii) Any person that the Secretary of the Treasury, in consultation with the Secretary of State, determines has perpetrated, or is responsible for ordering, controlling, or otherwise directing, significant acts that are intended to undermine the peace, security, stability, sovereignty, or territorial integrity of Ukraine, including acts of economic extortion;

(iii) Any official of the Government of the Russian Federation, or a close associate or family member of such an official, that the Secretary of the Treasury, in consultation with the Secretary of State, determines is responsible for, complicit in, or responsible for ordering, controlling, or otherwise directing, acts of significant corruption in Ukraine, including the expropriation of private or public assets for personal gain, corruption related to government contracts or the extraction of natural resources, bribery, or the facilitation or transfer of the proceeds of corruption to foreign jurisdictions;

(iv) Any individual that the Secretary of the Treasury, in consultation with the Secretary of State, determines materially assisted, sponsored, or provided financial, material, or technological support for, or goods or services in support of, the commission of acts described in paragraph (a)(6)(i), (ii), or (iii) of this section;

(v) Any official of the Government of the Russian Federation, or a close associate or family member of such an official, that the Secretary of the Treasury, in consultation with the Secretary of State, determines is, on or after August 2, 2017, responsible for, or complicit in, or responsible for ordering, controlling, or otherwise directing, acts of significant corruption in the Russian Federation or elsewhere, including the expropriation of private or public assets for personal gain, corruption related to government contracts or the extraction of natural resources, bribery, or the facilitation or transfer of the proceeds of corruption to foreign jurisdictions;

(vi) Any individual who has materially assisted, sponsored, or provided financial, material, or technological support for, or goods or services in support of, an act described in paragraph (a)(6)(v) of this section and has been added to the SDN List for such behavior;

(vii) A foreign person that the Secretary of the Treasury, in consultation with the Secretary of State, determines knowingly, on or after August 2, 2017:

(A) Materially violates, attempts to violate, conspires to violate, or causes a violation of any license, order, regulation, or prohibition contained in or issued pursuant to any covered Executive order, SSIDES, or the Ukraine Freedom Support Act of 2014, as amended (22 U.S.C. 8921-8930) (UFSA); or

(B) Facilitates a significant transaction or transactions, including deceptive or structured transactions, for or on behalf of:

(1) Any person subject to sanctions imposed by the United States with respect to the Russian Federation; or

(2) Any child, spouse, parent, or sibling of an individual described in paragraph (a)(6)(vii)(B)(1) of this section.

(viii) A foreign person that the Secretary of the Treasury, in consultation with the Secretary of State, determines, based on credible information, on or after August 2, 2017:

(A) Is responsible for, complicit in, or responsible for ordering, controlling, or otherwise directing, the commission of serious human rights abuses in any territory forcibly occupied or otherwise controlled by the Government of the Russian Federation;

(B) Materially assists, sponsors, or provides financial, material, or technological support for, or goods or services to, a foreign person described in paragraph (a)(6)(viii)(A) of this section; or

(C) Is owned or controlled by, or acts or purports to act for or on behalf of, directly or indirectly, a foreign person described in paragraph (a)(6)(viii)(A) of this section.

(b) The prohibitions in paragraph (a) of this section include prohibitions on the following transactions:

(1) The making of any contribution or provision of funds, goods, or services by, to, or for the benefit of any person whose property and interests in property are blocked pursuant to paragraph (a) of this section; and

(2) The receipt of any contribution or provision of funds, goods, or services from any person whose property and interests in property are blocked pursuant to paragraph (a) of this section.

(c) Unless authorized by this part or by a specific license expressly referring to this part, any dealing in securities (or evidence thereof) held within the possession or control of a U.S. person and either registered or inscribed in the name of, or known to be held for the benefit of, or issued by, any person whose property and interests in property are blocked pursuant to paragraph (a) of this section is prohibited. This prohibition includes the transfer (including the transfer on the books of any issuer or agent thereof), disposition, transportation, importation, exportation, or withdrawal of, or the endorsement or guaranty of signatures on, any securities on or after the effective date. This prohibition applies irrespective of the fact that at any time (whether prior to, on, or subsequent to the effective date) the registered or inscribed owner of any such securities may have or might appear to have assigned, transferred, or otherwise disposed of the securities.

(d) The prohibitions in paragraph (a) of this section apply except to the extent provided by statutes, or in regulations, orders, directives, or licenses that may be issued pursuant to this part, and notwithstanding any contract entered into or any license or permit granted prior to the effective date.

(e) All transactions prohibited pursuant to any Executive order issued after December 19, 2014 pursuant to the national emergency declared in E.O. 13660 of March 6, 2014, are prohibited pursuant to this part.

The following activities by a U.S. person or within the United States are prohibited:

(a) For new debt or new equity issued on or after July 16, 2014 and before September 12, 2014, all transactions in, provision of financing for, and other dealings in new debt of longer than 90 days maturity or new equity of persons determined to be subject to this section, their property, or their interests in property;

(b) For new debt or new equity issued on or after September 12, 2014 and before November 28, 2017, all transactions in, provision of financing for, and other dealings in new debt of longer than 30 days maturity or new equity of persons determined to be subject to this section, their property, or their interests in property; and

(c) For new debt or new equity issued on or after November 28, 2017, all transactions in, provision of financing for, and other dealings in new debt of longer than 14 days maturity or new equity of persons determined to be subject to this section, their property, or their interests in property.

The following activities by a U.S. person or within the United States are prohibited:

(a) For new debt issued on or after July 16, 2014 and before November 28, 2017, all transactions in, provision of financing for, and other dealings in new debt of longer than 90 days maturity of persons determined to be subject to this section, their property, or their interests in property; and

(b) For new debt issued on or after November 28, 2017, all transactions in, provision of financing for, and other dealings in new debt of longer than 60 days maturity of persons determined to be subject to this section, their property, or their interests in property.

All transactions in, provision of financing for, and other dealings in new debt of longer than 30 days maturity of persons determined to be subject to this section, their property, or their interests in property by a U.S. person or within in the United States are prohibited.

The following activities by a U.S. person or within the United States are prohibited: The provision, exportation, or reexportation, directly or indirectly, of goods, services (except for financial services), or technology in support of exploration or production for deepwater, Arctic offshore, or shale projects:

(a) That have the potential to produce oil in the Russian Federation, or in maritime area claimed by the Russian Federation and extending from its territory, and that involve any person determined to be subject to this section, their property, or their interests in property; or

(b) That are initiated on or after January 29, 2018, that have the potential to produce oil in any location, and in which any person determined to be subject to this section, their property, or their interests in property has a 33 percent or greater ownership interest, or ownership of a majority of the voting interests.

Except as otherwise authorized, new investment, as defined in § 589.326, in the Crimea region of Ukraine by a United States person, wherever located, is prohibited.

Except as otherwise authorized, the exportation, reexportation, sale, or supply, directly or indirectly, from the United States, or by a United States person, wherever located, of any goods, services, or technology to the Crimea region of Ukraine is prohibited.

Except as otherwise authorized, the importation into the United States, directly or indirectly, of any goods, services, or technology from the Crimea region of Ukraine is prohibited.

(a) Prohibited activities. A U.S. financial institution shall not:

(1) Open or maintain a correspondent account or a payable-through account in the United States for a foreign financial institution for which the opening or maintaining of such an account is prohibited pursuant to this section; or

(2) Maintain a correspondent account or a payable-through account in the United States for a foreign financial institution in a manner that is inconsistent with any strict condition imposed and in effect pursuant to this section.

(b) Sanctionable activity by foreign financial institutions involving certain activity for persons with respect to which sanctions are imposed pursuant to section 4 of the Ukraine Freedom Support Act of 2014, as amended (22 U.S.C. 8921-8930) (UFSA). The Secretary of the Treasury, in consultation with the Secretary of State, may determine that a foreign financial institution knowingly engages, on or after August 2, 2017, in significant transactions involving the following activities for persons with respect to which sanctions are imposed pursuant to section 4 of UFSA (22 U.S.C. 8923):

(1) Knowingly manufacturing or selling defense articles transferred into Syria or into the territory of a specified country without the consent of the internationally recognized government of that country;

(2) Transferring defense articles into Syria or into the territory of a specified country without the consent of the internationally recognized government of that country; or

(3) Brokering or otherwise assisting in the transfer of defense articles into Syria or into the territory of a specified country without the consent of the internationally recognized government of that country; or

(4) Knowingly, on or after December 18, 2014, assisting, sponsoring, or providing financial, material, or technological support for, or goods or services to or in support of, any entity owned or controlled by the Government of the Russian Federation or owned or controlled by nationals of the Russian Federation; and with respect to an activity described in paragraph (a)(1), (2), or (3) of this section;

(5) Knowingly making a significant investment in a special Russian crude oil project; or

(6) The withholding by Gazprom of significant natural gas supplies from member countries of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, or further withholding by Gazprom of significant natural gas supplies from countries such as Ukraine, Georgia, or Moldova.

(c) Sanctionable activity by foreign financial institutions on behalf of Russian persons included on the SDN List. The Secretary of the Treasury, in consultation with the Secretary of State, may determine that a foreign financial institution has, on or after September 1, 2017, knowingly facilitated a significant financial transaction on behalf of any Russian person included on OFAC's SDN List pursuant to UFSA, E.O. 13660, E.O. 13661, E.O. 13662, or any other Executive order addressing the crisis in Ukraine.

(d) Imposition of sanctions on foreign financial institutions. Upon determining that a foreign financial institution has engaged in sanctionable activity described in paragraph (b) or (c) of this section, the Secretary of the Treasury, in consultation with the Secretary of State, shall:

(1) Prohibit the opening by a U.S. financial institution of a correspondent account or a payable-through account in the United States for the foreign financial institution; and

(2) Prohibit or impose one or more strict conditions on the maintaining by a U.S. financial institution of a correspondent account or a payable-through account in the United States for the foreign financial institution. Such conditions may include the following:

(i) Prohibiting or restricting any provision of trade finance through the correspondent account or payable-through account of the foreign financial institution;

(ii) Restricting the transactions that may be processed through the correspondent account or payable-through account of the foreign financial institution to certain types of transactions, such as personal remittances;

(iii) Placing monetary limits on, or limiting the volume of, the transactions that may be processed through the correspondent account or payable-through account of the foreign financial institution;

(iv) Requiring pre-approval from the U.S. financial institution for all transactions processed through the correspondent account or payable-through account of the foreign financial institution; or

(v) Prohibiting or restricting the processing of foreign exchange transactions through the correspondent account or payable-through account of the foreign financial institution.

(a) Any transfer after the effective date that is in violation of any provision of this part or of any regulation, order, directive, ruling, instruction, or license issued pursuant to this part, and that involves any property or interest in property blocked pursuant to § 589.201, is null and void and shall not be the basis for the assertion or recognition of any interest in or right, remedy, power, or privilege with respect to such property or interest in property.

(b) No transfer before the effective date shall be the basis for the assertion or recognition of any right, remedy, power, or privilege with respect to, or any interest in, any property or interest in property blocked pursuant to § 589.201, unless the person who holds or maintains such property, prior to that date, had written notice of the transfer or by any written evidence had recognized such transfer.

(c) Unless otherwise provided, a license or other authorization issued by OFAC before, during, or after a transfer shall validate such transfer or make it enforceable to the same extent that it would be valid or enforceable but for the provisions of this part and any regulation, order, directive, ruling, instruction, or license issued pursuant to this part.

(d) Transfers of property that otherwise would be null and void or unenforceable by virtue of the provisions of this section shall not be deemed to be null and void or unenforceable as to any person with whom such property is or was held or maintained (and as to such person only) in cases in which such person is able to establish to the satisfaction of OFAC each of the following:

(1) Such transfer did not represent a willful violation of the provisions of this part by the person with whom such property is or was held or maintained (and as to such person only);

(2) The person with whom such property is or was held or maintained did not have reasonable cause to know or suspect, in view of all the facts and circumstances known or available to such person, that such transfer required a license or authorization issued pursuant to this part and was not so licensed or authorized, or, if a license or authorization did purport to cover the transfer, that such license or authorization had been obtained by misrepresentation of a third party or withholding of material facts or was otherwise fraudulently obtained; and

(3) The person with whom such property is or was held or maintained filed with OFAC a report setting forth in full the circumstances relating to such transfer promptly upon discovery that:

(i) Such transfer was in violation of the provisions of this part or any regulation, ruling, instruction, license, or other directive or authorization issued pursuant to this part;

(ii) Such transfer was not licensed or authorized by OFAC; or

(iii) If a license did purport to cover the transfer, such license had been obtained by misrepresentation of a third party or withholding of material facts or was otherwise fraudulently obtained.

(e) The filing of a report in accordance with the provisions of paragraph (d)(3) of this section shall not be deemed evidence that the terms of paragraphs (d)(1) and (2) of this section have been satisfied.

(f) Unless licensed pursuant to this part, any attachment, judgment, decree, lien, execution, garnishment, or other judicial process is null and void with respect to any property or interest in property blocked pursuant to § 589.201.

(a) Except as provided in paragraph (e) or (f) of this section, or as otherwise directed or authorized by OFAC, any U.S. person holding funds, such as currency, bank deposits, or liquidated financial obligations, subject to § 589.201 shall hold or place such funds in a blocked interest-bearing account located in the United States.

(b)(1) For the purposes of this section, the term blocked interest-bearing account means a blocked account:

(i) In a federally insured U.S. bank, thrift institution, or credit union, provided the funds are earning interest at rates that are commercially reasonable; or

(ii) With a broker or dealer registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (15 U.S.C. 78a et seq.), provided the funds are invested in a money market fund or in U.S. Treasury bills.

(2) Funds held or placed in a blocked account pursuant to paragraph (a) of this section may not be invested in instruments the maturity of which exceeds 180 days.

(c) For the purposes of this section, a rate is commercially reasonable if it is the rate currently offered to other depositors on deposits or instruments of comparable size and maturity.

(d) For the purposes of this section, if interest is credited to a separate blocked account or subaccount, the name of the account party on each account must be the same.

(e) Blocked funds held in instruments the maturity of which exceeds 180 days at the time the funds become subject to § 589.201 may continue to be held until maturity in the original instrument, provided any interest, earnings, or other proceeds derived therefrom are paid into a blocked interest-bearing account in accordance with paragraph (a) or (f) of this section.

(f) Blocked funds held in accounts or instruments outside the United States at the time the funds become subject to § 589.201 may continue to be held in the same type of accounts or instruments, provided the funds earn interest at rates that are commercially reasonable.

(g) This section does not create an affirmative obligation for the holder of blocked tangible property, such as real or personal property, or of other blocked property, such as debt or equity securities, to sell or liquidate such property. However, OFAC may issue licenses permitting or directing such sales or liquidation in appropriate cases.

(h) Funds subject to this section may not be held, invested, or reinvested in a manner that provides financial or economic benefit or access to any person whose property and interests in property are blocked pursuant to § 589.201, nor may their holder cooperate in or facilitate the pledging or other attempted use as collateral of blocked funds or other assets.

(a) Except as otherwise authorized, and notwithstanding the existence of any rights or obligations conferred or imposed by any international agreement or contract entered into or any license or permit granted prior to the effective date, all expenses incident to the maintenance of tangible property blocked pursuant to § 589.201 shall be the responsibility of the owners or operators of such property, which expenses shall not be met from blocked funds.

(b) Property blocked pursuant to § 589.201 may, in the discretion of OFAC, be sold or liquidated and the net proceeds placed in a blocked interest-bearing account in the name of the owner of the property.

(a) Any transaction on or after the effective date that evades or avoids, has the purpose of evading or avoiding, causes a violation of, or attempts to violate any of the prohibitions set forth in this part is prohibited.

(b) Any conspiracy formed to violate the prohibitions set forth in this part is prohibited.

(a) Personal communications. The prohibitions contained in this part do not apply to any postal, telegraphic, telephonic, or other personal communication that does not involve the transfer of anything of value.

(b) U.S. intelligence activities. The prohibitions contained in this part do not apply to activities subject to the reporting requirements under title V of the National Security Act of 1947 (50 U.S.C. 3091 et seq.), or any authorized intelligence activities of the United States.

(c) Activities of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The prohibitions contained in this part do not apply to activities of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), including the supply by any entity of the Russian Federation of any product or service, or the procurement of such product or service by any contractor or subcontractor of the United States or any other entity, relating to or in connection with any space launch conducted for NASA or any other non-Department of Defense customer.

(d) Importation of goods. The prohibitions contained in this part do not apply to the importation of any goods that would otherwise be prohibited solely because of the interest of a person whose property and interests in property are blocked solely pursuant to § 589.201(a)(6)(i), (ii), (iii), (iv), or (v). For the purposes of this paragraph (d), the term “good(s)” means any article, natural or manmade substance, material, supply or manufactured product, including inspection and test equipment, and excluding technical data.

(e) Official business. The prohibitions contained in §§ 589.201(a)(5), 589.206, 589.207, and 589.208 do not apply to transactions for the conduct of the official business of the United States Government by employees, grantees, or contractors thereof.

Except as otherwise authorized, U.S. persons, wherever located, are prohibited from approving, financing, facilitating, or guaranteeing a transaction by a foreign person where the transaction by that foreign person would be prohibited by § 589.206, § 589.207, or § 589.208 of this part if performed by a U.S. person or within the United States.