40 CFR 471.82 - Effluent limitations representing the degree of effluent reduction attainable by the application of the best available technology economically achievable (BAT).

Regulations last checked for updates: Feb 19, 2025

Title 40 - Protection of Environment last revised: Nov 19, 2025

Collapse to view only § 471.82 - Effluent limitations representing the degree of effluent reduction attainable by the application of the best available technology economically achievable (BAT).

Table of Contents

§ 471.80 - Applicability; description of the zinc forming subcategory.

§ 471.81 - Effluent limitations representing the degree of effluent reduction attainable by the application of the best practicable control technology currently available (BPT).

§ 471.82 - Effluent limitations representing the degree of effluent reduction attainable by the application of the best available technology economically achievable (BAT).

§ 471.83 - New source performance standards (NSPS).

§ 471.84 - Pretreatment standards for existing sources (PSES). [Reserved]

§ 471.85 - Pretreatment standards for new sources (PSNS).

§ 471.86 - Effluent limitations representing the degree of effluent reduction attainable by the application of the best conventional pollutant control technology (BCT). [Reserved]

§ 471.80 - Applicability; description of the zinc forming subcategory.

This subpart applies to discharges of pollutants to waters of the United States, and introductions of pollutants into publicly owned treatment works from the process operations of the zinc forming subcategory.

§ 471.81 - Effluent limitations representing the degree of effluent reduction attainable by the application of the best practicable control technology currently available (BPT).

Except as provided in 40 CFR 125.30 through 125.32, any existing point source subject to this subpart must achieve the following effluent limitations for the process operations representing the degree of effluent reduction attainable by the application of the best practicable control technology currently available (BPT):

(a) Rolling spent neat oils—subpart H—BPT. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.

(b) Rolling spent emulsions.

Subpart H—BPT

Pollutant or pollutant property	Maximum for any 1 day	Maximum for monthly average
	mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of zinc rolled with emulsions
Chromium	0.0006	0.0003
Copper	0.003	0.002
Cyanide	0.0004	0.0002
Zinc	0.002	0.0009
Oil and grease	0.028	0.017
TSS	0.057	0.027
pH	( ¹)	( ¹)

¹ Within the range of 7.5 to 10.0 at all times.

Subpart H—BPT

Pollutant or pollutant property	Maximum for any 1 day	Maximum for monthly average
	mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of zinc rolled with contact cooling water
Chromium	0.236	0.0097
Copper	1.02	0.536
Cyanide	0.156	0.065
Zinc	0.783	0.327
Oil and grease	10.7	6.43
TSS	22.0	10.5
pH	( ¹)	( ¹)

¹ Within the range of 7.5 to 10.0 at all times.

(d) Drawing spent emulsions.

Subpart H—BPT

Pollutant or pollutant property	Maximum for any 1 day	Maximum for monthly average
	mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of zinc drawn with emulsions
Chromium	0.003	0.001
Copper	0.011	0.006
Cyanide	0.002	0.0007
Zinc	0.009	0.004
Oil and grease	0.116	0.070
TSS	0.238	0.113
pH	( ¹)	( ¹)

¹ Within the range of 7.5 to 10.0 at all times.

(e) Direct chill casting contact cooling water.

Subpart H—BPT

Pollutant or pollutant property	Maximum for any 1 day	Maximum for monthly average
	mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of zinc cast by the direct chill method
Chromium	0.222	0.091
Copper	0.960	0.505
Cyanide	0.147	0.061
Zinc	0.738	0.308
Oil and grease	10.1	6.06
TSS	20.7	9.85
pH	( ¹)	( ¹)

¹ Within the range of 7.5 to 10.0 at all times.

(f) Stationary casting contact cooling water—subpart H—BPT. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.

(g) Heat treatment contact cooling water.

Subpart H—BPT

Pollutant or pollutant property	Maximum for any 1 day	Maximum for monthly average
	mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of zinc heat treated
Chromium	0.336	0.138
Copper	1.45	0.763
Cyanide	0.221	0.092
Zinc	1.12	0.466
Oil and grease	15.3	9.16
TSS	31.3	14.9
pH	( ¹)	( ¹)

¹ Within the range of 7.5 to 10.0 at all times.

(h) Surface treatment spent baths.

Subpart H—BPT

Pollutant or pollutant property	Maximum for any 1 day	Maximum for monthly average
	mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of zinc surface treated
Chromium	0.039	0.016
Copper	0.169	0.089
Cyanide	0.026	0.011
Zinc	0.130	0.054
Oil and grease	1.78	1.07
TSS	3.64	1.73
pH	( ¹)	( ¹)

¹ Within the range of 7.5 to 10.0 at all times.

(i) Surface treatment rinse.

Subpart H—BPT

Pollutant or pollutant property	Maximum for any 1 day	Maximum for monthly average
	mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of zinc surface treated
Chromium	1.58	0.645
Copper	6.80	3.58
Cyanide	1.04	0.430
Zinc	5.23	2.19
Oil and grease	71.6	43.0
TSS	147	69.8
pH	( ¹)	( ¹)

¹ Within the range of 7.5 to 10.0 at all times.

(j) Alkaline cleaning spent baths.

Subpart H—BPT

Pollutant or pollutant property	Maximum for any 1 day	Maximum for monthly average
	mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of zinc alkaline cleaned
Chromium	0.002	0.0007
Copper	0.007	0.004
Cyanide	0.001	0.0004
Zinc	0.005	0.002
Oil and grease	0.071	0.043
TSS	0.146	0.069
pH	( ¹)	( ¹)

¹ Within the range of 7.5 to 10.0 at all times.

(k) Alkaline cleaning rinse.

Subpart H—BPT

Pollutant or pollutant property	Maximum for any 1 day	Maximum for monthly average
	mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of zinc alkaline cleaned
Chromium	0.744	0.304
Copper	3.21	1.69
Cyanide	0.490	0.203
Zinc	2.47	1.03
Oil and grease	33.8	20.3
TSS	69.3	33.0
pH	( ¹)	( ¹)

¹ Within the range of 7.5 to 10.0 at all times.

(l) Sawing or grinding spent emulsions.

Subpart H—BPT

Pollutant or pollutant property	Maximum for any 1 day	Maximum for monthly average
	mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of zinc sawed or ground with emulsions
Chromium	0.011	0.005
Copper	0.045	0.024
Cyanide	0.007	0.003
Zinc	0.035	0.015
Oil and grease	0.476	0.286
TSS	0.976	0.464
pH	( ¹)	( ¹)

¹ Within the range of 7.5 to 10.0 at all times.

(m) Electrocoating rinse.

Subpart H—BPT

Pollutant or pollutant property	Maximum for any 1 day	Maximum for monthly average
	mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of zinc electrocoated
Chromium	1.01	0.412
Copper	4.35	2.29
Cyanide	0.664	0.275
Zinc	3.35	1.40
Oil and grease	45.8	27.5
TSS	93.9	44.7
pH	( ¹)	( ¹)

¹ Within the range of 7.5 to 10.0 at all times.

(n) Degreasing spent solvents—subpart H—BPT. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.

[50 FR 34270, Aug. 23, 1985; 51 FR 2888, Jan. 22, 1986]

§ 471.82 - Effluent limitations representing the degree of effluent reduction attainable by the application of the best available technology economically achievable (BAT).

Except as provided in 40 CFR 125.30 through 125.32, any existing point source subject to this subpart must achieve the following effluent limitations representing the degree of effluent reduction attainable by the application of the best available technology economically achievable (BAT):

(a) Rolling spent neat oils—subpart H—BAT. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.

(b) Rolling spent emulsions.

Subpart H—BAT

Pollutant or pollutant property	Maximum for any 1 day	Maximum for monthly average
	mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of zinc rolled with emulsions
Chromium	0.0005	0.0002
Copper	0.002	0.0009
Cyanide	0.0003	0.0001
Zinc	0.002	0.0006

Subpart H—BAT

Pollutant or pollutant property	Maximum for any 1 day	Maximum for monthly average
	mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of zinc rolled with contact cooling water
Chromium	0.020	0.009
Copper	0.069	0.033
Cyanide	0.011	0.004
Zinc	0.055	0.023

(d) Drawing spent emulsions.

Subpart H—BAT

Pollutant or pollutant property	Maximum for any 1 day	Maximum for monthly average
	mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of zinc drawn with emulsions
Chromium	0.002	0.0009
Copper	0.008	0.004
Cyanide	0.001	0.0005
Zinc	0.006	0.003

(e) Direct chill casting contact cooling water.

Subpart H—BAT

Pollutant or pollutant property	Maximum for any 1 day	Maximum for monthly average
	mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of zinc cast by the direct chill method
Chromium	0.019	0.008
Copper	0.065	0.031
Cyanide	0.010	0.004
Zinc	0.052	0.021

(f) Stationary casting contact cooling water—subpart H—BAT. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.

(g) Heat treatment contact cooling water.

Subpart H—BAT

Pollutant or pollutant property	Maximum for any 1 day	Maximum for monthly average
	mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of zinc heat treated
Chromium	0.029	0.012
Copper	0.098	0.047
Cyanide	0.016	0.006
Zinc	0.078	0.032

(h) Surface treatment spent baths.

Subpart H—BAT

Pollutant or pollutant property	Maximum for any 1 day	Maximum for monthly average
	mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of zinc surface treated
Chromium	0.033	0.014
Copper	0.114	0.054
Cyanide	0.018	0.007
Zinc	0.091	0.038

(i) Surface treatment rinse.

Subpart H—BAT

Pollutant or pollutant property	Maximum for any 1 day	Maximum for monthly average
	mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of zinc surface treated
Chromium	0.133	0.054
Copper	0.457	0.219
Cyanide	0.072	0.029
Zinc	0.365	0.151

(j) Alkaline cleaning spent baths.

Subpart H—BAT

Pollutant or pollutant property	Maximum for any 1 day	Maximum for monthly average
	mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of zinc alkaline cleaned
Chromium	0.002	0.0006
Copper	0.005	0.002
Cyanide	0.0007	0.0003
Zinc	0.004	0.002

(k) Alkaline cleaning rinse.

Subpart H—BAT

Pollutant or pollutant property	Maximum for any 1 day	Maximum for monthly average
	mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of zinc alkaline cleaned
Chromium	0.626	0.254
Copper	2.17	1.03
Cyanide	0.338	0.135
Zinc	1.73	0.710

(l) Sawing or grinding spent emulsions.

Subpart H—BAT

Pollutant or pollutant property	Maximum for any 1 day	Maximum for monthly average
	mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of zinc sawed or ground with emulsions
Chromium	0.009	0.004
Copper	0.031	0.015
Cyanide	0.005	0.002
Zinc	0.025	0.010

(m) Electrocoating rinse.

Subpart H—BAT

Pollutant or pollutant property	Maximum for any 1 day	Maximum for monthly average
	mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of zinc electrocoated
Chromium	0.085	0.035
Copper	0.293	0.140
Cyanide	0.046	0.019
Zinc	0.234	0.096

(n) Degreasing spent solvents—subpart H—BAT. There shall be no discharge or process wastewater pollutants.

[50 FR 34270, Aug. 23, 1985; 51 FR 2888, Jan. 22, 1986]

§ 471.83 - New source performance standards (NSPS).

Any new source subject to this subpart must achieve the following new source performance standards (NSPS):

(a) Rolling spent neat oils—subpart H—NSPS. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.

(b) Rolling spent emulsions.

Subpart H—NSPS

Pollutant or pollutant property	Maximum for any 1 day	Maximum for monthly average
	mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of zinc rolled with emulsions
Chromium	0.0005	0.0002
Copper	0.002	0.0009
Cyanide	0.0003	0.0001
Zinc	0.002	0.0006
Oil and grease	0.014	0.014
TSS	0.021	0.017
pH	( ¹)	( ¹)

¹ Within the range of 7.5 to 10.0 at all times.

Subpart H—NSPS

Pollutant or pollutant property	Maximum for any 1 day	Maximum for monthly average
	mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of zinc rolled with contact cooling water
Chromium	0.020	0.009
Copper	0.069	0.037
Cyanide	0.011	0.004
Zinc	0.055	0.023
Oil and grease	0.536	0.536
TSS	0.804	0.643
pH	( ¹)	( ¹)

¹ Within the range of 7.5 to 10.0 at all times.

(d) Drawing spent emulsions.

Subpart H—NSPS

Pollutant or pollutant property	Maximum for any 1 day	Maximum for monthly average
	mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of zinc drawn with emulsions
Chromium	0.002	0.0009
Copper	0.008	0.004
Cyanide	0.001	0.0005
Zinc	0.006	0.003
Oil and grease	0.058	0.058
TSS	0.087	0.070
pH	( ¹)	( ¹)

¹ Within the range of 7.5 to 10.0 at all times

(e) Direct chill casting contact cooling water.

Subpart H—NSPS

Pollutant or pollutant property	Maximum for any one day	Maximum for monthly average
	mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of zinc cast by the direct chill method
Chromium	0.019	0.008
Copper	0.065	0.031
Cyanide	0.010	0.004
Zinc	0.052	0.021
Oil and grease	0.505	0.505
TSS	0.758	0.606
pH	( ¹)	( ¹)

¹ Within the range of 7.5 to 10.0 at all times.

(f) Stationary casting contact cooling water—subpart H—NSPS. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.

(g) Heat treatment contact cooling water.

Subpart H—NSPS

Pollutant or pollutant property	Maximum for any 1 day	Maximum for monthly average
	mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of zinc heat treated
Chromium	0.029	0.012
Copper	0.098	0.047
Cyanide	0.016	0.006
Zinc	0.078	0.032
Oil and grease	0.763	0.763
TSS	1.15	0.916
pH	( ¹)	( ¹)

¹ Within the range of 7.5 to 10.0 at all times.

(h) Surface treatment spent baths.

Subpart H—NSPS

Pollutant or pollutant property	Maximum for any 1 day	Maximum for monthly average
	mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of zinc surface treated
Chromium	0.033	0.014
Copper	0.114	0.054
Cyanide	0.018	0.007
Zinc	0.091	0.038
Oil and grease	0.887	0.887
TSS	1.33	1.07
pH	( ¹)	( ¹)

¹ Within the range of 7.5 to 10.0 at all times.

(i) Surface treatment rinse.

Subpart H—NSPS

Pollutant or pollutant property	Maximum for any 1 day	Maximum for monthly average
	mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of zinc surface treated
Chromium	0.133	0.054
Copper	0.459	0.219
Cyanide	0.072	0.029
Zinc	0.365	0.151
Oil and grease	3.58	3.58
TSS	5.37	4.30
pH	( ¹)	( ¹)

¹ Within the range of 7.5 to 10.0 at all times.

(j) Alkaline cleaning spent baths.

Subpart H—NSPS

Pollutant or pollutant property	Maximum for any 1 day	Maximum for monthly average
	mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of zinc alkaline cleaned
Chromium	0.002	0.0006
Copper	0.005	0.002
Cyanide	0.0007	0.0003
Zinc	0.004	0.002
Oil and grease	0.036	0.036
TSS	0.054	0.043
pH	( ¹)	( ¹)

¹ Within the range of 7.5 to 10.0 at all times.

(k) Alkaline cleaning rinse.

Subpart H—NSPS

Pollutant or pollutant property	Maximum for any 1 day	Maximum for monthly average
	mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of zinc alkaline cleaned
Chromium	0.626	0.259
Copper	2.17	1.03
Cyanide	0.338	0.135
Zinc	1.73	0.710
Oil and grease	16.9	16.9
TSS	25.4	20.3
pH	( ¹)	( ¹)

¹ Within the range of 7.5 to 10.0 at all times.

(l) Sawing or grinding spent emulsions.

Subpart H—NSPS

Pollutant or pollutant property	Maximum for any 1 day	Maximum for monthly average
	mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of zinc sawed or ground with emulsions
Chromium	0.009	0.004
Copper	0.031	0.015
Cyanide	0.005	0.002
Zinc	0.025	0.010
Oil and grease	0.235	0.235
TSS	0.357	0.286
pH	( ¹)	( ¹)

¹Within the range of 7.5 to 10.0 at all times.

(m) Electrocoating rinse.

Subpart H—NSPS

Pollutant or pollutant property	Maximum for any 1 day	Maximum for monthly average
	mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of zinc electrocoated
Chromium	0.085	0.035
Copper	0.293	0.140
Cyanide	0.046	0.019
Zinc	0.234	0.096
Oil and grease	2.29	2.29
TSS	3.44	2.75
pH	( ¹)	( ¹)

¹ Within the range of 7.5 to 10.0 at all times

(n) Degreasing spent solvents—subpart H—NSPS. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.

[50 FR 34270, Aug. 23, 1985; 51 FR 2888, Jan. 22, 1986]

§ 471.84 - Pretreatment standards for existing sources (PSES). [Reserved]

§ 471.85 - Pretreatment standards for new sources (PSNS).

Except as provided in 40 CFR 403.7, any new source subject to this subpart which introduces pollutants into a publicly owned treatment works must comply with 40 CFR part 403 and achieve the following pretreatment standards for new sources (PSNS). The mass of the wastewater introduced into a POTW shall not exceed the following values:

(a) Rolling spent neat oils—subpart H—PSNS. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.

(b) Rolling spent emulsions.

Subpart H—PSNS

Pollutant or pollutant property	Maximum for any 1 day	Maximum for monthly average
	mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of zinc rolled with emulsions
Chromium	0.0005	0.0002
Copper	0.002	0.0009
Cyanide	0.0003	0.0001
Zinc	0.002	0.0006

Subpart H—PSNS

Pollutant or pollutant property	Maximum for any 1 day	Maximum for monthly average
	mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of zinc rolled with contact cooling water
Chromium	0.020	0.008
Copper	0.069	0.033
Cyanide	0.011	0.004
Zinc	0.055	0.023

(d) Drawing spent emulsions.

Subpart H—PSNS

Pollutant or pollutant property	Maximum for any 1 day	Maximum for monthly average
	mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of zinc drawn with emulsions
Chromium	0.002	0.0009
Copper	0.008	0.004
Cyanide	0.001	0.0005
Zinc	0.006	0.003

(e) Direct chill casting contact cooling water.

Subpart H—PSNS

Pollutant or pollutant property	Maximum for any 1 day	Maximum for monthly average
	mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of zinc cast by the direct chill method
Chromium	0.019	0.008
Copper	0.065	0.031
Cyanide	0.010	0.004
Zinc	0.052	0.021

(f) Stationary casting contact cooling water—subpart H—PSNS. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.

(g) Heat treatment contact cooling water.

Subpart H—PSNS

Pollutant or pollutant property	Maximum for any 1 day	Maximum for monthly average
	mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of zinc heat treated
Chromium	0.029	0.012
Copper	0.098	0.047
Cyanide	0.016	0.006
Zinc	0.078	0.032

(h) Surface treatment spent baths.

Subpart H—PSNS

Pollutant or pollutant property	Maximum for any 1 day	Maximum for monthly average
	mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of zinc surface treated
Chromium	0.033	0.014
Copper	0.114	0.054
Cyanide	0.018	0.007
Zinc	0.091	0.038

(i) Surface treatment rinse.

Subpart H—PSNS

Pollutant or pollutant property	Maximum for any 1 day	Maximum for monthly average
	mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of zinc surface treated
Chromium	0.133	0.054
Copper	0.459	0.219
Cyanide	0.072	0.029
Zinc	0.365	0.151

(j) Alkaline cleaning spent baths.

Subpart H—PSNS

Pollutant or pollutant property	Maximum for any 1 day	Maximum for monthly average
	mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of zinc alkaline cleaned
Chromium	0.002	0.0006
Copper	0.005	0.002
Cyanide	0.0007	0.0003
Zinc	0.004	0.002

(k) Alkaline cleaning rinse.

Subpart H—PSNS

Pollutant or pollutant property	Maximum for any 1 day	Maximum for monthly average
	mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of zinc alkaline cleaned
Chromium	0.626	0.254
Copper	2.17	1.03
Cyanide	0.338	0.134
Zinc	1.73	0.710

(l) Sawing or grinding spent emulsions.

Subpart H—PSNS

Pollutant or pollutant property	Maximum for any 1 day	Maximum for monthly average
	mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of zinc sawed or ground with emulsions
Chromium	0.009	0.004
Copper	0.031	0.015
Cyanide	0.005	0.002
Zinc	0.025	0.010

(m) Electrocoating rinse.

Subpart H—PSNS

Pollutant or pollutant property	Maximum for any 1 day	Maximum for monthly average
	mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of zinc electrocoated
Chromium	0.085	0.035
Copper	0.293	0.140
Cyanide	0.046	0.019
Zinc	0.234	0.096

(n) Decreasing spent solvents—subpart H—PSNS. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.

[50 FR 34270, Aug. 23, 1985; 51 FR 2888, Jan. 22, 1986]

§ 471.86 - Effluent limitations representing the degree of effluent reduction attainable by the application of the best conventional pollutant control technology (BCT). [Reserved]

authority: Secs. 301, 304(b), (c), (e), and (g), 306(b) and (c), 307, 308, and 501 of the Clean Water Act (the Federal Water Pollution Control Act Amendments of 1972 as amended by the Clean Water Act of 1977) (the “Act”); 33 U.S.C. 1311,1314,c,e,and, 1316(b) andc,and; 86 Stat. 816, Pub. L. 92-500; 91 Stat. 1567, Pub. L. 95-217

source: 50 FR 34270, Aug. 23, 1985, unless otherwise noted.

cite as: 40 CFR 471.82