Regulations last checked for updates: Oct 18, 2024
Title 40 - Protection of Environment last revised: Oct 16, 2024
§ 471.100 - Applicability; description of the powder metals subcategory.
This subpart applies to discharges of pollutants to waters of the United States, and introductions of pollutants into publicly owned treatment works from the process operations of the metal powders subcategory.
§ 471.101 - Effluent limitations representing the degree of effluent reduction attainable by the application of the best practicable control technology currently available (BPT).
Except as provided in 40 CFR 125.30 through 125.32, any existing point source subject to this subpart must achieve the following effluent limitations for the process operations representing the degree of effluent reduction attainable by the application of the best practicable control technology currently available (BPT):
(a) Metal powder production atomization wastewater.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of powder wet atomized
|
| Copper | 9.58 | 5.04
|
| Cyanide | 1.46 | 0.605
|
| Lead | 2.12 | 1.01
|
| Oil and grease | 101 | 60.5
|
| TSS | 207 | 98.3
|
| pH | (
1) | (
1)
|
(b) Sizing spent emulsion.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of powder sized
|
| Copper | 0.028 | 0.015
|
| Cyanide | 0.004 | 0.002
|
| Lead | 0.006 | 0.003
|
| Oil and grease | 0.292 | 0.175
|
| TSS | 0.599 | 0.285
|
| pH | (
1) | (
1)
|
(c) Oil-resin impregnation wastewater—subpart J—BPT. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.
(d) Steam treatment wet air pollution control scrubber blowdown.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of power metallurgy parts steam treated
|
| Copper | 1.51 | 0.792
|
| Cyanide | 0.230 | 0.095
|
| Lead | 0.333 | 0.159
|
| Oil and grease | 15.9 | 9.51
|
| TSS | 32.5 | 15.5
|
| pH | (
1) | (
1)
|
(e) Tumbling, burnishing and cleaning wastewater.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of powder metallurgy parts tumbled, burnished, or cleaned
|
| Copper | 8.36 | 4.40
|
| Cyanide | 1.28 | 0.528
|
| Lead | 1.85 | 0.880
|
| Oil and grease | 88.0 | 52.800
|
| TSS | 181 | 85.8
|
| pH | (
1) | (
1)
|
(f) Sawing or grinding spent neat oils—subpart J—BPT. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.
(g) Sawing or grinding spent emulsion.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of powder metallurgy parts sawed or ground with emulsion
|
| Copper | 0.035 | 0.018
|
| Cyanide | 0.005 | 0.002
|
| Lead | 0.008 | 0.004
|
| Oil and grease | 0.362 | 0.217
|
| TSS | 0.742 | 0.353
|
| pH | (
1) | (
1)
|
(h) Sawing or grinding contact cooling water.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of powder metallurgy parts sawed or ground with contact cooling
|
| Copper | 3.08 | 1.62
|
| Cyanide | 0.470 | 0.195
|
| Lead | 0.681 | 0.324
|
| Oil and grease | 32.4 | 19.5
|
| TSS | 66.4 | 31.6
|
| pH | (
1) | (
1)
|
(i) Hot pressing contact cooling water.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of powder cooled after pressing
|
| Copper | 16.7 | 8.80
|
| Cyanide | 2.55 | 1.06
|
| Lead | 3.70 | 1.76
|
| Oil and grease | 176 | 106
|
| TSS | 361 | 172
|
| pH | (
1) | (
1)
|
(j) Mixing wet air pollution control scrubber blowdown.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of powder mixed
|
| Copper | 15.0 | 7.90
|
| Cyanide | 2.29 | 0.948
|
| Lead | 3.32 | 1.58
|
| Oil and grease | 158 | 94.8
|
| TSS | 324 | 154
|
| pH | (
1) | (
1)
|
(k) Degreasing spent solvents—subpart J—BPT. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.
[50 FR 34270, Aug. 23, 1985; 51 FR 2889, Jan. 22, 1986]
§ 471.102 - Effluent limitations representing the degree of effluent reduction attainable by the application of the best available technology economically achievable (BAT).
Except as provided in 40 CFR 125.30 through 125.32, any existing point source subject to this subpart must achieve the following effluent limitations representing the degree of effluent reduction attainable by the application of the best available technology economically achievable (BAT):
(a) Metal powder production atomization wastewater.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of powder wet atomized
|
| Copper | 9.58 | 5.04
|
| Cyanide | 1.46 | 0.605
|
| Lead | 2.12 | 1.01 |
(b) Sizing spent emulsions.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) or powder sized
|
| Copper | 0.028 | 0.015
|
| Cyanide | 0.004 | 0.002
|
| Lead | 0.006 | 0.003 |
(c) Oil-resin impregnation wastewater—subpart J—BAT. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.
(d) Steam treatment wet air pollution control scrubber blowdown.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of powder metallurgy parts steam treated
|
| Copper | 1.51 | 0.792
|
| Cyanide | 0.230 | 0.095
|
| Lead | 0.333 | 0.159 |
(e) Tumbling, burnishing and cleaning wastewater.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) or powder metallurgy parts tumbled, burnished, or cleaned
|
| Copper | 8.36 | 4.40
|
| Cyanide | 1.28 | 0.528
|
| Lead | 1.850 | 0.880 |
(f) Sawing or grinding spent neat oils—subpart J—BAT. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.
(g) Sawing or grinding spent emulsions.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of powder metallurgy parts sawed or ground with emulsions
|
| Copper | 0.0035 | 0.018
|
| Cyanide | 0.005 | 0.002
|
| Lead | 0.008 | 0.004 |
(h) Sawing or grinding contact cooling water.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of powder sawed or ground with contact cooling
|
| Copper | 3.08 | 1.62
|
| Cyanide | 0.470 | 0.195
|
| Lead | 0.681 | 0.324 |
(i) Hot pressing contact cooling water.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of powder cooled after pressing
|
| Copper | 16.7 | 8.80
|
| Cyanide | 2.55 | 1.06
|
| Lead | 3.70 | 1.760 |
(j) Mixing wet air pollution control scrubber blowdown.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of powder mixed
|
| Copper | 15.0 | 7.90
|
| Cyanide | 2.29 | 0.948
|
| Lead | 3.32 | 1.58 |
(k) Degreasing spent solvents—subpart J—BAT. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.
[50 FR 34270, Aug. 23, 1985; 51 FR 2889, Jan. 22, 1986]
§ 471.103 - New source performance standards (NSPS).
Any new source subject to this subpart must achieve the following new source performance standards (NSPS). The mass of pollutants in the metal powder process wastewater shall not exceed the following values:
(a) Metal powder production atom-ization wastewater.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of powder wet atomized
|
| Copper | 9.58 | 5.04
|
| Cyanide | 1.46 | 0.605
|
| Lead | 2.12 | 1.01
|
| Oil and grease | 101 | 60.5
|
| TSS | 207 | 98.3
|
| pH | (
1) | (
1)
|
(b) Sizing spent emulsions.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of powder sized
|
| Copper | 0.028 | 0.015
|
| Cyanide | 0.004 | 0.002
|
| Lead | 0.006 | 0.003
|
| Oil and grease | 0.292 | 0.175
|
| TSS | 0.599 | 0.285
|
| pH | (
1) | (
1)
|
(c) Oil-resin impregnation wastewater—subpart J—NSPS. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.
(d) Steam treatment wet air pollution control scrubber blowdown.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of powder metallurgy parts steam treated
|
| Copper | 0.151 | 0.079
|
| Cyanide | 0.023 | 0.010
|
| Lead | 0.033 | 0.016
|
| Oil and grease | 1.59 | 0.951
|
| TSS | 3.25 | 1.55
|
| pH | (
1) | (
1)
|
(e) Tumbling, burnishing and cleaning wastewater.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of powder metallurgy parts tumbled, burnished, or cleaned
|
| Copper | 0.836 | 0.440
|
| Cyanide | 0.128 | 0.053
|
| Lead | 0.185 | 0.088
|
| Oil and grease | 8.80 | 5.28
|
| TSS | 18.1 | 8.58
|
| pH | (
1) | (
1)
|
(f) Sawing or grinding spent neat oils—subpart J—NSPS. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.
(g) Sawing or grinding spent emulsions.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of powder metallurgy parts sawed or ground with emulsions
|
| Copper | 0.035 | 0.018
|
| Cyanide | 0.005 | 0.002
|
| Lead | 0.008 | 0.004
|
| Oil and grease | 0.362 | 0.217
|
| TSS | 0.742 | 0.353
|
| pH | (
1) | (
1)
|
(h) Sawing or grinding contact cooling water.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of powder sawed or ground with contact cooling water
|
| Copper | 3.08 | 1.62
|
| Cyanide | 0.470 | 0.195
|
| Lead | 0.681 | 0.324
|
| Oil and grease | 32.4 | 19.5
|
| TSS | 66.4 | 31.6
|
| pH | (
1) | (
1)
|
(i) Hot pressing contact cooling water.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of powder cooled after pressing
|
| Copper | 1.67 | 0.880
|
| Cyanide | 0.255 | 0.106
|
| Lead | 0.370 | 0.176
|
| Oil and grease | 17.6 | 10.6
|
| TSS | 36.1 | 17.2
|
| pH | (
1) | (
1)
|
(j) Mixing wet air pollution control scrubber blowdown.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of powder mixed
|
| Copper | 15.0 | 7.90
|
| Cyanide | 2.29 | 0.948
|
| Lead | 3.32 | 1.58
|
| Oil and grease | 158 | 94.8
|
| TSS | 324 | 154
|
| pH | (
1) | (
1)
|
(k) Degreasing spent solvents—subpart J—NSPS. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.
[50 FR 34270, Aug. 23, 1985; 51 FR 2889, Jan. 22, 1986]
§ 471.104 - Pretreatment standards for existing sources (PSES).
Except as provided in 40 CFR 403.7 and 403.13, any existing source subject to this subpart which introduces pollutants into a publicly owned treatment works must comply with 40 CFR part 403 and by August 23, 1988 achieve the following pretreatment standards for existing sources (PSES). The mass of wastewater pollutants in metal powders process wastewater introduced into a POTW shall not exceed the following values:
(a) Metal powder production atomization wastewater.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of powder wet atomized
|
| Copper | 9.58 | 5.040
|
| Cyanide | 1.46 | 0.605
|
| Lead | 2.12 | 1.01 |
(b) Sizing spent emulsions.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of powder sized
|
| Copper | 0.028 | 0.015
|
| Cyanide | 0.004 | 0.002
|
| Lead | 0.006 | 0.003 |
(c) Oil-resin impregnation wastewater—subpart J—PSES.
(d) Steam treatment wet air pollution control scrubber blowdown.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of powder metallurgy part steam treated
|
| Copper | 1.51 | 0.792
|
| Cyanide | 0.230 | 0.095
|
| Lead | 0.333 | 0.159 |
(e) Tumbling, burnishing and cleaning wastewater.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of powder metallurgy parts tumbled, burnished, or cleaned
|
| Copper | 8.36 | 4.40
|
| Cyanide | 1.28 | 0.528
|
| Lead | 1.85 | 0.880 |
(f) Sawing or grinding spent neat oils—subpart J—PSES. There shall be no discharge of process watewater pollutants.
(g) Sawing or grinding spent emulsions.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of powder metallurgy parts sawed or ground with emulsions
|
| Copper | 0.035 | 0.018
|
| Cyanide | 0.005 | 0.002
|
| Lead | 0.008 | 0.004 |
(h) Sawing or grinding contact cooling water.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of powder sawed or ground with contact cooling water
|
| Copper | 3.08 | 1.62
|
| Cyanide | 0.470 | 0.195
|
| Lead | 0.681 | 0.324 |
(i) Hot pressing contact cooling water.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of powder cooled after pressing
|
| Copper | 16.7 | 8.80
|
| Cyanide | 2.55 | 1.06
|
| Lead | 3.70 | 1.76 |
(j) Mixing wet air pollution control scrubber blowdown.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of powder mixed
|
| Copper | 15.0 | 7.90
|
| Cyanide | 2.29 | 0.948
|
| Lead | 3.32 | 1.58 |
(k) Degreasing spent solvents—subpart J—PSES. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.
[50 FR 34270, Aug. 23, 1985; 51 FR 2889, Jan. 22, 1986]
§ 471.105 - Pretreatment standards for new sources (PSNS).
Except as provided in 40 CFR 403.7, any new source subject to this subject which introduces pollutants into a publicly owned treatment works must comply with 40 CFR part 403 and achieve the following pretreatment standards for new sources. The mass of wastewater pollutants in metal powders process wastewater introduced into a POTW shall not exceed the following values:
(a) Metal powder production atomization wastewater.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of powder wet atomized
|
| Copper | 9.58 | 5.04
|
| Cyanide | 1.46 | 0.605
|
| Lead | 2.12 | 1.01 |
(b) Sizing spent emulsions.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of powder sized
|
| Copper | 0.028 | 0.015
|
| Cyanide | 0.004 | 0.002
|
| Lead | 0.006 | 0.003 |
(c) Oil-resin impregnation wastewater—subpart J—PSNS. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.
(d) Steam treatment wet air pollution control scrubber blowdown.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of powder metallurgy parts steam treated
|
| Copper | 0.151 | 0.079
|
| Cyanide | 0.023 | 0.010
|
| Lead | 0.033 | 0.016 |
(e) Tumbling, burnishing and cleaning wastewater.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of powder metallurgy parts tumbled, burnished, or cleaned
|
| Copper | 0.836 | 0.440
|
| Cyanide | 0.128 | 0.053
|
| Lead | 0.185 | 0.088 |
(f) Sawing or grinding spent neat oils—subpart J—PSNS. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.
(g) Sawing or grinding spent emulsions.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of powder metallurgy parts sawed or ground with emulsions
|
| Copper | 0.035 | 0.018
|
| Cyanide | 0.005 | 0.002
|
| Lead | 0.008 | 0.004 |
(h) Sawing or grinding contact cooling water.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of powder sawed or ground with contact cooling water
|
| Copper | 3.08 | 1.620
|
| Cyanide | 0.470 | 0.195
|
| Lead | 0.681 | 0.324 |
(i) Hot pressing contact cooling water.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of powder cooled after pressing
|
| Copper | 1.67 | 0.880
|
| Cyanide | 0.255 | 0.106
|
| Lead | 0.370 | 0.176 |
(j) Mixing wet air pollution control scrubber blowdown.
| Pollutant or pollutant property
| Maximum for any 1 day
| Maximum for monthly average
|
|---|
| | mg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of powder mixed
|
| Copper | 15.0 | 7.90
|
| Cyanide | 2.29 | 0.948
|
| Lead | 3.32 | 1.58 |
(k) Degreasing spent solvents—subpart J—PSNS. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.
[50 FR 34270, Aug. 23, 1985; 51 FR 2889, Jan. 22, 1986]
§ 471.106 - Effluent limitations representing the degree of effluent reduction attainable by the application of the best conventional pollutant control technology (BCT). [Reserved]
authority: Secs. 301, 304(b), (c), (e), and (g), 306(b) and (c), 307, 308, and 501 of the Clean Water Act (the Federal Water Pollution Control Act Amendments of 1972 as amended by the Clean Water Act of 1977) (the “Act”);
33 U.S.C. 1311,
1314,
c,
e,
and, 1316(b) and
c,
and; 86 Stat. 816, Pub. L. 92-500; 91 Stat. 1567, Pub. L. 95-217
source: 50 FR 34270, Aug. 23, 1985, unless otherwise noted.
cite as: 40 CFR 471.100