§ 1831o.
(e)
Provisions applicable to undercapitalized institutions
(1)
Monitoring required
Each appropriate Federal banking agency shall—
(A)
closely monitor the condition of any undercapitalized insured depository institution;
(B)
closely monitor compliance with capital restoration plans, restrictions, and requirements imposed under this section; and
(C)
periodically review the plan, restrictions, and requirements applicable to any undercapitalized insured depository institution to determine whether the plan, restrictions, and requirements are achieving the purpose of this section.
(2)
Capital restoration plan required
(B)
Contents of plan
The capital restoration plan shall—
(i)
specify—
(I)
the steps the insured depository institution will take to become adequately capitalized;
(II)
the levels of capital to be attained during each year in which the plan will be in effect;
(III)
how the institution will comply with the restrictions or requirements then in effect under this section; and
(IV)
the types and levels of activities in which the institution will engage; and
(ii)
contain such other information as the appropriate Federal banking agency may require.
(C)
Criteria for accepting plan
The appropriate Federal banking agency shall not accept a capital restoration plan unless the agency determines that—
(i)
the plan—
(I)
complies with subparagraph (B);
(II)
is based on realistic assumptions, and is likely to succeed in restoring the institution’s capital; and
(III)
would not appreciably increase the risk (including credit risk, interest-rate risk, and other types of risk) to which the institution is exposed; and
(ii)
if the insured depository institution is undercapitalized, each company having control of the institution has—
(I)
guaranteed that the institution will comply with the plan until the institution has been adequately capitalized on average during each of 4 consecutive calendar quarters; and
(II)
provided appropriate assurances of performance.
(D)
Deadlines for submission and review of plans
The appropriate Federal banking agency shall by regulation establish deadlines that—
(i)
provide insured depository institutions with reasonable time to submit capital restoration plans, and generally require an institution to submit a plan not later than 45 days after the institution becomes undercapitalized;
(ii)
require the agency to act on capital restoration plans expeditiously, and generally not later than 60 days after the plan is submitted; and
(iii)
require the agency to submit a copy of any plan approved by the agency to the Corporation before the end of the 45-day period beginning on the date such approval is granted.
(E)
Guarantee liability limited
(i)
In general
The aggregate liability under subparagraph (C)(ii) of all companies having control of an insured depository institution shall be the lesser of—
(I)
an amount equal to 5 percent of the institution’s total assets at the time the institution became undercapitalized; or
(II)
the amount which is necessary (or would have been necessary) to bring the institution into compliance with all capital standards applicable with respect to such institution as of the time the institution fails to comply with a plan under this subsection.
(ii)
Certain affiliates not affected
This paragraph may not be construed as—
(I)
requiring any company not having control of an undercapitalized insured depository institution to guarantee, or otherwise be liable on, a capital restoration plan;
(II)
requiring any person other than an insured depository institution to submit a capital restoration plan; or
(III)
affecting compliance by brokers, dealers, government securities brokers, and government securities dealers with the financial responsibility requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 [
15 U.S.C. 78a et seq.] and regulations and orders thereunder.
(3)
Asset growth restricted
An undercapitalized insured depository institution shall not permit its average total assets during any calendar quarter to exceed its average total assets during the preceding calendar quarter unless—
(A)
the appropriate Federal banking agency has accepted the institution’s capital restoration plan;
(B)
any increase in total assets is consistent with the plan; and
(C)
the institution’s ratio of tangible equity to assets increases during the calendar quarter at a rate sufficient to enable the institution to become adequately capitalized within a reasonable time.
(4)
Prior approval required for acquisitions, branching, and new lines of business
An undercapitalized insured depository institution shall not, directly or indirectly, acquire any interest in any company or insured depository institution, establish or acquire any additional branch office, or engage in any new line of business unless—
(A)
the appropriate Federal banking agency has accepted the insured depository institution’s capital restoration plan, the institution is implementing the plan, and the agency determines that the proposed action is consistent with and will further the achievement of the plan; or
(B)
the Board of Directors determines that the proposed action will further the purpose of this section.
(5)
Discretionary safeguards
(f)
Provisions applicable to significantly undercapitalized institutions and undercapitalized institutions that fail to submit and implement capital restoration plans
(1)
In general
This subsection shall apply with respect to any insured depository institution that—
(A)
is significantly undercapitalized; or
(B)
is undercapitalized and—
(i)
fails to submit an acceptable capital restoration plan within the time allowed by the appropriate Federal banking agency under subsection (e)(2)(D); or
(ii)
fails in any material respect to implement a plan accepted by the agency.
(2)
Specific actions authorized
The appropriate Federal banking agency shall carry out this section by taking 1 or more of the following actions:
(A)
Requiring recapitalization
Doing 1 or more of the following:
(i)
Requiring the institution to sell enough shares or obligations of the institution so that the institution will be adequately capitalized after the sale.
(ii)
Further requiring that instruments sold under clause (i) be voting shares.
(iii)
Requiring the institution to be acquired by a depository institution holding company, or to combine with another insured depository institution, if 1 or more grounds exist for appointing a conservator or receiver for the institution.
(B)
Restricting transactions with affiliates
(i)
Requiring the institution to comply with
section 371c of this title as if subsection (d)(1) of that section (exempting transactions with certain affiliated institutions) did not apply.
(ii)
Further restricting the institution’s transactions with affiliates.
(C)
Restricting interest rates paid
(ii)
Retroactive restrictions prohibited
(D)
Restricting asset growth
(E)
Restricting activities
(F)
Improving management
Doing 1 or more of the following:
(i)
New election of directors
(ii)
Dismissing directors or senior executive officers
(iii)
Employing qualified senior executive officers
(G)
Prohibiting deposits from correspondent banks
(H)
Requiring prior approval for capital distributions by bank holding company
(I)
Requiring divestiture
Doing one or more of the following:
(i)
Divestiture by the institution
(ii)
Divestiture by parent company of nondepository affiliate
(iii)
Divestiture of institution
(J)
Requiring other action
(3)
Presumption in favor of certain actions
In complying with paragraph (2), the agency shall take the following actions, unless the agency determines that the actions would not further the purpose of this section:
(A)
The action described in clause (i) or (iii) of paragraph (2)(A) (relating to requiring the sale of shares or obligations, or requiring the institution to be acquired by or combine with another institution).
(B)
The action described in paragraph (2)(B)(i) (relating to restricting transactions with affiliates).
(C)
The action described in paragraph (2)(C) (relating to restricting interest rates).
(4)
Senior executive officers’ compensation restricted
(A)
In general
The insured depository institution shall not do any of the following without the prior written approval of the appropriate Federal banking agency:
(i)
Pay any bonus to any senior executive officer.
(ii)
Provide compensation to any senior executive officer at a rate exceeding that officer’s average rate of compensation (excluding bonuses, stock options, and profit-sharing) during the 12 calendar months preceding the calendar month in which the institution became undercapitalized.
(B)
Failing to submit plan
(5)
Discretion to impose certain additional restrictions
(6)
Consultation with other regulators
(i)
Restricting activities of critically undercapitalized institutions
To carry out the purpose of this section, the Corporation shall, by regulation or order—
(1)
restrict the activities of any critically undercapitalized insured depository institution; and
(2)
at a minimum, prohibit any such institution from doing any of the following without the Corporation’s prior written approval:
(A)
Entering into any material transaction other than in the usual course of business, including any investment, expansion, acquisition, sale of assets, or other similar action with respect to which the depository institution is required to provide notice to the appropriate Federal banking agency.
(B)
Extending credit for any highly leveraged transaction.
(C)
Amending the institution’s charter or bylaws, except to the extent necessary to carry out any other requirement of any law, regulation, or order.
(D)
Making any material change in accounting methods.
(F)
Paying excessive compensation or bonuses.
(G)
Paying interest on new or renewed liabilities at a rate that would increase the institution’s weighted average cost of funds to a level significantly exceeding the prevailing rates of interest on insured deposits in the institution’s normal market areas.
(j)
Certain Government-controlled institutions exempted
Subsections (e) through (i) (other than paragraph (3) of subsection (e)) shall not apply—
(1)
to an insured depository institution for which the Corporation or the Resolution Trust Corporation is conservator; or
(2)
to a bridge depository institution, none of the voting securities of which are owned by a person or agency other than the Corporation or the Resolution Trust Corporation.
(k)
Reviews required when Deposit Insurance Fund incurs losses
(1)
In general
If the Deposit Insurance Fund incurs a material loss with respect to an insured depository institution on or after July 1, 1993, the inspector general of the appropriate Federal banking agency shall—
(A)
make a written report to that agency reviewing the agency’s supervision of the institution (including the agency’s implementation of this section), which shall—
(i)
ascertain why the institution’s problems resulted in a material loss to the Deposit Insurance Fund; and
(ii)
make recommendations for preventing any such loss in the future; and
(B)
provide a copy of the report to—
(i)
the Comptroller General of the United States;
(ii)
the Corporation (if the agency is not the Corporation);
(iii)
in the case of a State depository institution, the appropriate State banking supervisor; and
(iv)
upon request by any Member of Congress, to that Member.
(2)
Material loss incurred
For purposes of this subsection:
(A)
Loss incurred
The Deposit Insurance Fund incurs a loss with respect to an insured depository institution—
(i)
(I)
it is not substantially certain that the assistance will be fully repaid not later than 24 months after the date on which the Corporation initiated the assistance; or
(II)
the institution ceases to repay the assistance in accordance with its terms; or
(ii)
if the Corporation is appointed receiver of the institution, and it is or becomes apparent that the present value of the outlays of the Deposit Insurance Fund with respect to that institution will exceed the present value of receivership dividends or other payments on the claims held by the Corporation.
(B)
Material loss defined
The term “material loss” means any estimated loss in excess of—
(i)
$200,000,000, if the loss occurs during the period beginning on January 1, 2010, and ending on December 31, 2011;
(ii)
$150,000,000, if the loss occurs during the period beginning on January 1, 2012, and ending on December 31, 2013; and
(iii)
$50,000,000, if the loss occurs on or after January 1, 2014, provided that if the inspector general of a Federal banking agency certifies to the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate and the Committee on Financial Services of the House of Representatives that the number of projected failures of depository institutions that would require material loss reviews for the following 12 months will be greater than 30 and would hinder the effectiveness of its oversight functions, then the definition of “material loss” shall be $75,000,000 for a duration of 1 year from the date of the certification.
(3)
Deadline for report
The inspector general of the appropriate Federal banking agency shall comply with paragraph (1) expeditiously, and in any event (except with respect to paragraph (1)(B)(iv)) as follows:
(A)
If the institution is described in paragraph (2)(A)(i), during the 6-month period beginning on the earlier of—
(ii)
the date on which it becomes apparent that the assistance will not be fully repaid during the 24-month period described in paragraph (2)(A)(i).
(B)
If the institution is described in paragraph (2)(A)(ii), during the 6-month period beginning on the date on which it becomes apparent that the present value of the outlays of the Deposit Insurance Fund with respect to that institution will exceed the present value of receivership dividends or other payments on the claims held by the Corporation.
(4)
Public disclosure required
(A)
In general
The appropriate Federal banking agency shall disclose any report on losses required under this subsection, upon request under
section 552 of title 5 without excising—
(i)
any portion under section 552(b)(5) of that title; or
(ii)
any information about the insured depository institution under paragraph (4) (other than trade secrets) or paragraph (8) of section 552(b) of that title.
(5)
Losses that are not material
(A)
Semiannual report
For the 6-month period ending on March 31, 2010, and each 6-month period thereafter, the Inspector General of each Federal banking agency shall—
(i)
identify losses that the Inspector General estimates have been incurred by the Deposit Insurance Fund during that 6-month period, with respect to the insured depository institutions supervised by the Federal banking agency;
(ii)
for each loss incurred by the Deposit Insurance Fund that is not a material loss, determine—
(I)
the grounds identified by the Federal banking agency or State bank supervisor for appointing the Corporation as receiver under
section 1821(c)(5) of this title; and
(II)
whether any unusual circumstances exist that might warrant an in-depth review of the loss; and
(iii)
prepare and submit a written report to the appropriate Federal banking agency and to Congress on the results of any determination by the Inspector General, including—
(I)
an identification of any loss that warrants an in-depth review, together with the reasons why such review is warranted, or, if the Inspector General determines that no review is warranted, an explanation of such determination; and
(II)
for each loss identified under subclause (I) that warrants an in-depth review, the date by which such review, and a report on such review prepared in a manner consistent with reports under paragraph (1)(A), will be completed and submitted to the Federal banking agency and Congress.
(B)
Deadline for semiannual report
The Inspector General of each Federal banking agency shall—
(i)
submit each report required under paragraph (A) expeditiously, and not later than 90 days after the end of the 6-month period covered by the report; and
(ii)
provide a copy of the report required under paragraph (A) to any Member of Congress, upon request.
(o)
Transition rules for savings associations
Subsections (e)(2), (f), and (h) shall not apply before July 1, 1994, to any insured savings association if—
(1)
before December 19, 1991—
(B)
the Director of the Office of Thrift Supervision had accepted the plan;
(2)
the plan remains in effect; and
(3)
the savings association remains in compliance with the plan or is operating under a written agreement with the appropriate Federal banking agency.
([Sept. 21, 1950, ch. 967, § 2][38], as added [Pub. L. 102–242, title I, § 131(a)], Dec. 19, 1991, [105 Stat. 2253]; amended [Pub. L. 102–550, title XVI, § 1603(d)(1)], Oct. 28, 1992, [106 Stat. 4079]; [Pub. L. 103–325, title VI, § 602(a)(64)], Sept. 23, 1994, [108 Stat. 2291]; [Pub. L. 104–208, div. A, title II, § 2704(d)(14)(AA)]–(CC), Sept. 30, 1996, [110 Stat. 3009–494]; [Pub. L. 104–316, title I, § 106(d)], Oct. 19, 1996, [110 Stat. 3831]; [Pub. L. 109–171, title II, § 2102(b)], Feb. 8, 2006, [120 Stat. 9]; [Pub. L. 109–173, § 8(a)(36)]–(39), Feb. 15, 2006, [119 Stat. 3615]; [Pub. L. 110–289, div. A, title VI, § 1604(b)(1)(D)], July 30, 2008, [122 Stat. 2829]; [Pub. L. 111–203, title IX, § 987], July 21, 2010, [124 Stat. 1936].)